MUNOX SR®

TECHNICAL PRODUCT BULLETIN: B-60
USEPA, OEM REGULATIONS IMPLEMENTATION DIVISION
LISTING DATE: OCTOBER 28, 2010
“MUNOX SR®”

I. NAME, BRAND, OR TRADEMARK
MUNOX SR® Type of Product: Bioremediation Agent (Microbiological Culture)

II. NAME, ADDRESS, AND TELEPHONE NUMBER OF MANUFACTURER/CONTACT
Osprey Biotechnics, a division of Phibro Animal Health Corporation 1845 57th Street 1833-A 57th Street Sarasota, FL 34243 Phone: (941) 351-2700 Fax: (941) 351-0026 E-mail: troy.smith@pahc.com (Mr. Troy Smith, Sr. VP Technical Operations E-mail: thomas.baldeschwieler@pahc.com (Mr. Thomas Baldeschwieler, Regulatory)

III. NAME, ADDRESS, AND TELEPHONE NUMBER OF PRIMARY DISTRIBUTORS
Osprey Biotechnics, a division of Phibro Animal Health Corporation 1845 57th Street 1833-A 57th Street Sarasota, FL 34243 Phone: (941) 351-2700 Fax: (941) 351-0026 E-mail: troy.smith@pahc.com (Mr. Troy Smith, Sr. VP Technical Operations E-mail: thomas.baldeschwieler@pahc.com (Mr. Thomas Baldeschwieler, Regulatory)

IV. SPECIAL HANDLING AND WORKER PRECAUTIONS FOR STORAGE AND FIELD APPLICATION
1. Flammability: Non-flammable 2. Ventilation: No special ventilation is required under normal use. 3. Skin and eye contact; protective clothing; treatment in case of contact: No special handling necessary. In case of skin contact, wash with soap and water. In case of eye contact, flush with water. In case of eye contact, flush with water. Wear protective gloves and wash hands with soap and water after handling. 4.a. Maximum storage temperature: 100°F 4.b. Minimum storage temperature: 32°F 4.c. Optimum storage temperature range: 35°F to 95°F. Store in a cool, dry location. 4.d. Temperatures of phase separations and chemical changes: <32°F and >212°F

IV. SPECIAL HANDLING AND WORKER PRECAUTIONS FOR STORAGE AND FIELD APPLICATION

1. Flammability: Non-flammable
2. Ventilation: No special ventilation is required under normal use.
3. Skin and eye contact; protective clothing; treatment in case of contact: No special handling necessary. In case of skin contact, wash with soap and water. In case of eye contact, flush with water. In case of eye contact, flush with water. Wear protective gloves and wash hands with soap and water after handling.
4.a. Maximum storage temperature: 100°F
4.b. Minimum storage temperature: 32°F
4.c. Optimum storage temperature range: 35°F to 95°F. Store in a cool, dry location.
4.d. Temperatures of phase separations and chemical changes: <32°F and >212°F

V. SHELF LIFE
MUNOX SR® is stable for over one year when stored at temperatures from 35°F to 95°F.

VI. RECOMMENDED APPLICATION PROCEDURES
1. Application Method: MUNOX SR® is a consortium of robust organisms that tolerate the natural salinity of seawater up to approximately 5% and water temperatures below 100°F. MUNOX SR® is effective on fresh and weathered crude oil and refined products because the metabolic pathways of the organisms are based on beta oxidation that is effective on a wide range of constituents of petroleum including aromatic, aliphatic and polyaromatic compounds. MUNOX SR®is provided with a microbial density of 1x108 cfu/mL in stabilized liquid form or after the freeze-dried form is hydrated. The target population for effective treatment is 2.5x105 cfu/mL. One unit consists of one 55-gallon drum of hydrated MUNOX SR® or the amount of freeze-dried powder to mix with 55-gallons of water to formulate the equivalent hydrated microbial solution. Based on this formulation and treatment ratio, one unit of MUNOX SR® will treat approximately 22,000 gallons of impacted water. Apply using in situ, hand sprayer, pump, pressure washer, etc. Product is ready to use and does not require dilution of additional formulation. 2. Concentration/Application Rate: Surface water: MUNOX SR® provides organisms that can be effective in the destruction and removal of petroleum hydrocarbons in surface water. It is best applied in areas where vertical water mixing is minimal in order to maintain high microbial density in the vicinity of floating hydrocarbons and near the water surface where there is a maximal oxygen concentration. Beach application: The best application on the beach is by mixing the microbes in the beach between the tide marks. Assuming the contractor will be mixing the microbes to a depth of 12 inches and there is 30% porosity, 5 drums per acres will provide sufficient MUNOX SR® microbes for treatment. Marsh or wetland application: This application of MUNOX SR® provides the greatest value because it is the treatment approach that will not cause more damage to the wetlands. The microbes will be sprayed on the oiled wetland from a boat or aircraft so the vegetation is not disturbed. The recommended volume of MUNOX SR® will provide enough microbes to degrade a moderate oiling level to acceptable levels. This application rate will treat the oil in surface water, attached to vegetation, and on the soil surface. Assuming the wetland is submerged to a depth of six inches during high tide, an application rate of 8 units per acre will provide sufficient microbes for treatment. 3. Conditions for Use: MUNOX SR® is formulated for the bioremediation and metabolism of a wide range of petroleum hydrocarbons including crude oil and refined fuels. Because petroleum in all of its forms is made up of a wide variety of components, the dosage and application of MUNOX SR® will depend on the type of hydrocarbon, degree of weathering, and environmental conditions. Heavy petroleum compounds such as crude oil and refined products, such as bunker fuel, with a high proportion of complex aliphatics will require a high dosage than lighter petroleum compounds such as gasoline. The dosage will be site specific and will be determined with the assistance of CL Solutions at no cost to the U.S. EPA or the user. MUNOX SR® will tolerate a wide range of environmental conditions; however, some conditions may reduce the effectiveness of MUNOX SR®. MUNOX SR® is most effective at a neutral pH, but can tolerate a pH range from 5 to 8.5. The salinity of water should be less than 5%. MUNOX SR® will also be most effective at moderately high temperatures from 70°F to 100°F. MUNOX SR® will tolerate low temperatures and will become dormant at freezing temperatures. However, MUNOX SR® will not tolerate temperatures above 105°F.

VI. RECOMMENDED APPLICATION PROCEDURES

1. Application Method:
MUNOX SR® is a consortium of robust organisms that tolerate the natural salinity of seawater up to approximately 5% and water temperatures below 100°F. MUNOX SR® is effective on fresh and weathered crude oil and refined products because the metabolic pathways of the organisms are based on beta oxidation that is effective on a wide range of constituents of petroleum including aromatic, aliphatic and polyaromatic compounds. MUNOX SR®is provided with a microbial density of 1x108 cfu/mL in stabilized liquid form or after the freeze-dried form is hydrated. The target population for effective treatment is 2.5x105 cfu/mL.

One unit consists of one 55-gallon drum of hydrated MUNOX SR® or the amount of freeze-dried powder to mix with 55-gallons of water to formulate the equivalent hydrated microbial solution. Based on this formulation and treatment ratio, one unit of MUNOX SR® will treat approximately 22,000 gallons of impacted water.

Apply using in situ, hand sprayer, pump, pressure washer, etc. Product is ready to use and does not require dilution of additional formulation.

2. Concentration/Application Rate:
Surface water: MUNOX SR® provides organisms that can be effective in the destruction and removal of petroleum hydrocarbons in surface water. It is best applied in areas where vertical water mixing is minimal in order to maintain high microbial density in the vicinity of floating hydrocarbons and near the water surface where there is a maximal oxygen concentration.

Beach application: The best application on the beach is by mixing the microbes in the beach between the tide marks. Assuming the contractor will be mixing the microbes to a depth of 12 inches and there is 30% porosity, 5 drums per acres will provide sufficient MUNOX SR® microbes for treatment.

Marsh or wetland application: This application of MUNOX SR® provides the greatest value because it is the treatment approach that will not cause more damage to the wetlands. The microbes will be sprayed on the oiled wetland from a boat or aircraft so the vegetation is not disturbed. The recommended volume of MUNOX SR® will provide enough microbes to degrade a moderate oiling level to acceptable levels. This application rate will treat the oil in surface water, attached to vegetation, and on the soil surface. Assuming the wetland is submerged to a depth of six inches during high tide, an application rate of 8 units per acre will provide sufficient microbes for treatment.

3. Conditions for Use:
MUNOX SR® is formulated for the bioremediation and metabolism of a wide range of petroleum hydrocarbons including crude oil and refined fuels. Because petroleum in all of its forms is made up of a wide variety of components, the dosage and application of MUNOX SR® will depend on the type of hydrocarbon, degree of weathering, and environmental conditions.

Heavy petroleum compounds such as crude oil and refined products, such as bunker fuel, with a high proportion of complex aliphatics will require a high dosage than lighter petroleum compounds such as gasoline. The dosage will be site specific and will be determined with the assistance of CL Solutions at no cost to the U.S. EPA or the user.

MUNOX SR® will tolerate a wide range of environmental conditions; however, some conditions may reduce the effectiveness of MUNOX SR®. MUNOX SR® is most effective at a neutral pH, but can tolerate a pH range from 5 to 8.5. The salinity of water should be less than 5%. MUNOX SR® will also be most effective at moderately high temperatures from 70°F to 100°F. MUNOX SR® will tolerate low temperatures and will become dormant at freezing temperatures. However, MUNOX SR® will not tolerate temperatures above 105°F.

VII. TOXICITY AND EFFECTIVENESS

a. Effectiveness:
Bioremediation Agent Effectiveness Test (40 CFR 300.900), Federal Register September 15, 1994
Summary Data Table:

DAYS	PRODUCT 3 REPS/PROD	TOTAL MEAN ALKANES (ppm)	RED% 28 DAYS	TOTAL MEAN AROMATICS (ppm)	RED% 28 DAYS
0	CONTROL NUTRIENT MUNOX SR®	1,003 1,096 806	0 0 0	3,609 4,661 4,063	0 0 0
7	CONTROL NUTRIENT MUNOX SR®	1,039 815 199	0 0 0	3,932 3,172 3,292	0 0 0
28	CONTROL NUTRIENT MUNOX SR®	847 832 41	15.5 24 94.9	3,578 3,674 996	0.85 21.2 75.5

Results of Gravimetric Analysis:
Percentage (%) Decrease in Weight of Oil on Day 28

Control:
0.2%

Nutrient:
9.9%

Product:
14.3%

b. Toxicity:
NA

VIII. MICROBIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS
1. Listing of all microorganisms by species and percentages in the composition: CONFIDENTIAL 2. Optimum pH, temperature, and salinity ranges for use of the additive: pH: 6-8 Temperature: 4°C-35°C Salinity: Fresh water to salt water, <110 ppm 3. Minimum and maximum pH, temperature, and salinity levels below or above which the effectiveness of the additive is reduced to half its optimum capacity: pH: <6.0 and >8.0 Temperature: <4°C->35°C Salinity: >110 ppm 4. Special nutrient requirements: None required. In application, MUNOX SR® may be supplemented with the following Nutrient Mix at a ratio up to 1:10. Nutrient Mix Composition: Soy Peptone – 2.2% Yeast Extract – 2.2% Dextrose – 0.2% Sodium Nitrate – 0.2% Di-potassium Phosphate – 0.2% Sodium Thiosulfate – 0.01% 5. Test results regarding the determination of the presence of the following: Salmonella: Negative. Fecal coliform: Negative. Shigella: Negative. Staphylococcus Coagulase positive: Negative. Beta hemolytic Streptococci: Negative.

VIII. MICROBIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS

1. Listing of all microorganisms by species and percentages in the composition:
CONFIDENTIAL
2. Optimum pH, temperature, and salinity ranges for use of the additive:
pH: 6-8
Temperature: 4°C-35°C
Salinity: Fresh water to salt water, <110 ppm
3. Minimum and maximum pH, temperature, and salinity levels below or above which the effectiveness of the additive is reduced to half its optimum capacity:
pH: <6.0 and >8.0
Temperature: <4°C->35°C
Salinity: >110 ppm
4. Special nutrient requirements: None required. In application, MUNOX SR® may be supplemented with the following Nutrient Mix at a ratio up to 1:10.
Nutrient Mix Composition:
Soy Peptone – 2.2%
Yeast Extract – 2.2%
Dextrose – 0.2%
Sodium Nitrate – 0.2%
Di-potassium Phosphate – 0.2%
Sodium Thiosulfate – 0.01%
5. Test results regarding the determination of the presence of the following:
Salmonella: Negative.
Fecal coliform: Negative.
Shigella: Negative.
Staphylococcus Coagulase positive: Negative.
Beta hemolytic Streptococci: Negative.

IX. PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
NA

X. ANALYSIS FOR HEAVY METALS, CYANIDE, AND CHLORINATED HYDROCARBONS
NA

MUNOX SR®

Emergency Response