Avoided Emission Rates Generated from AVERT

AVERT Emission Rates Version History

Release date	Key changes
July 31, 2017	Original release, containing emission rates from 2007 through 2016. Emission rates calculated using a default displacement of 5% of each region’s fossil generation.
May 30, 2018	Added emission rates for 2017. Revised all emission rates to reflect a default displacement of 0.5% of each region’s fossil generation. Added contextual information about capacity factors and emissions accounting and claims.
June 1, 2018	Corrected a minor methodological issue that arose when generating the 2017 emission rates.
May 30, 2019	Added 2018 emission rates and revised all years to reflect year-specific transmission and distribution line loss factors generated by the Energy Information Administration (EIA).
September 15, 2020	Added emission rates for offshore wind and distributed solar photovoltaic. Revised with emission rates for 2017–2019 using the new AVERT regions associated with AVERT v3.0.
October 5, 2021	Added 2020 emission rates and updated to reflect newer offshore wind capacity factors. Added avoided emission rates for NH₃ and VOCs.
March 29, 2022	Added 2021 emission rates.
April 25, 2023	Added 2022 emission rates.
April 11, 2024	Added 2023 emission rates. Added avoided emission rates for solar PV-plus-storage.

AVERT uses a peer-reviewed methodology to analyze electric power sector impacts on an hour-by-hour basis, but it can also produce approximations of marginal emission rates for each AVERT region. EPA has used AVERT to produce marginal emission rates for each AVERT region and a weighted average for the nation each year from 2007 to 2023. These emission rates can be used for quick estimates of avoided NO_x, SO₂, CO₂, PM_2.5, VOCs, and NH₃ emissions and are divided into eight categories: onshore wind, offshore wind, rooftop-scale photovoltaic, rooftop PV-plus-storage (2023 only), utility-scale photovoltaic, utility-scale PV-plus-storage (2023 only), portfolio energy efficiency, and uniform energy efficiency.

You can download the emission rates in Excel format below.

Avoided Emission Rates Generated from AVERT

Avoided Emissions and Generation Tool AVERT