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One Health and the Environment

top photo shows a smokestack emitting smoke into the air, bottom left photo shows a tractor applying pesticides to crops, bottom right photo shows algae and trash floating in water

Pollution in the environment impacts every American, from the air we breathe to the water we drink and the food we eat. It can contribute to the effects of other environmental conditions, for example, emergence of infectious disease, and the intensity and frequency of extreme weather events and wildland fire. Pollution crosses environmental media and affects the health of humans and ecosystems, for example:

  • Air pollution later deposits on land and in water
  • Soil contaminants can move to nearby waterways or groundwater, or can be released into air in a storm or wildland fire
  • Water pollution can contaminate land in floods or other weather events 

Read more about human exposure and health and disease and conditions.

Learn more about impacts from air, land, and water pollution to humans, plants, animals, and their shared environment and what EPA is doing as a One Health agency to address these impacts for every American:

  • Air
  • Land
  • Water

Pollution Moves through the Environment to Impact Human Health

A diagram showing how pollution moves from its source, through the environment, and impacts human health..
Source: Adapted from the EPA Report on the Environment, Adapted from: Sexton, K., S.G. Selevan, D.K. Wagener, and J.A. Lybarger. 1992. Estimating human exposures to environmental pollutants: Availability and utility of existing databases. Arch. Environ. Health 47(6):398-407

One Health

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Contact Us About One Health
Contact Us About One Health to ask a question, provide feedback, or report a problem.
Last updated on August 4, 2025
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