Superfund Sites in Reuse in California
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Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.
The Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. Superfund site covers 6 acres in Sunnyvale, California. Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. (AMD) designed and made semiconductor devices at two buildings on site from 1969 to 1992. Facility operations contaminated soil and groundwater with volatile organic compounds, primarily trichloroethylene (TCE). EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 1986. EPA issued a Record of Decision in 1991 for the site, together with the TRW Microwave Inc. and Signetics Inc. sites, and an off-site area, or operable unit. AMD removed soil contamination and treated contaminated groundwater. A developer bought the site property in 2006, demolished the former AMD buildings, and built a public self-storage facility in 2007. Several other commercial businesses are also on the site; they are not located above groundwater with elevated TCE levels. Groundwater treatment and monitoring are ongoing. Vapor intrusion assessments at the self-storage facility did not show any evidence of unacceptable vapor intrusion. In March 2019, EPA finalized an agreement with Philips Semiconductors, Inc. for the adjacent Signetics Inc. site. This agreement will help expedite the cleanup of underlying groundwater contamination from the Signetics Inc. site that limits the effectiveness of cleanup efforts at the AMD site, address vapor risks in the community, and restore groundwater quality in the region.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on 22 on-site businesses. These businesses employed 226 people and generated an estimated $58,540,608 in annual sales revenue. For additional information click here.
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Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. (Building 915)
The 25-acre Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. (Building 915) Superfund site is in Sunnyvale, California. Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. (AMD) made semiconductors at Building 915 starting in 1973. Sampling found contamination in groundwater wells near the building in 1981, caused by leaking underground tanks and spills. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 1990. AMD removed contaminated soil and a 4,700-gallon underground acid neutralization system. AMD also put in a groundwater treatment system to remediate groundwater and prevent contaminants from migrating off site. AMD sold the site property in 2003 to a company that specialized in flash memory devices. It was active on site from 2005 to 2015. In 2011 and 2014, AMD did vapor intrusion investigations in Building 915. They did not find any evidence of unacceptable vapor intrusion due to site-related contaminants. A developer purchased the site property in 2016 and demolished all buildings. The developer then built townhomes with proactive mitigation measures integrated into their design and construction. These measures include vapor barriers and monitoring to confirm healthy indoor air.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA did not have economic data related to on-site businesses, or economic data were not applicable due to site use. For additional information click here.
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Aerojet General Corp.
The Aerojet General Corp. Superfund site covers about 5,900 acres near Rancho Cordova. The site is 15 miles east of Sacramento, California. Aerojet and its subsidiaries have researched, designed and made rocket engines and chemicals on site since 1953. Aerojet’s previous disposal and operating practices led to soil and groundwater contamination. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 1983. Aerojet treated contaminated groundwater and prevented it from spreading to nearby areas using pumps. Aerojet continues to explore methods to clean up soil and groundwater contamination. Aerojet built a solar facility on site in 2009 and 2010. The facility generates 6 megawatts of electricity. Aerojet uses the solar array to power 20% of the site’s groundwater treatment system. The solar panels also reduce the company’s carbon footprint. Aerojet ended operations at the site in 2019. Tenants continue to use the area for office, commercial and light industrial uses and agriculture (animal grazing). In 2012, EPA’s Superfund Redevelopment Program did a reuse assessment to align residential mixed-use, transit-oriented development plans with the cleanup approach. Future plans for the site include mixed-use development with residential, commercial and industrial areas, as well as mass transit resources and pedestrian-friendly access. Cleanup efforts related to the first phase of project construction began in 2020 and are ongoing.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on 5 on-site businesses. These businesses employed 661 people and generated an estimated $303,263,484 in annual sales revenue. For additional information click here.
For more information:
- Green Remediation and Utility-Scale Solar Development: The Aerojet General Corporation Superfund Site (PDF)
- Site Redevelopment Profile: Aerojet General Corporation (PDF)
- Reuse Fact Sheet: Aerojet General Corporation (PDF)
- Superfund Site Profile Page
- Alternative Energy: From a Toxic Past to a Renewable Future
Alark Hard Chrome
The Alark Hard Chrome Superfund site is in Riverside, California. An electroplating shop was on site from 1971 to 1985. Chromium spills and discharges from the facility contaminated groundwater. In 1982, Riverside County Health Department found soil contamination on site. Cleanup removed all plating equipment and indoor storage tanks from the site after the Riverside County District Attorney’s Office closed down the shop’s operations in 1985. In 1994, the California Department of Toxic Substances Control dug up and removed about 1,200 cubic yards of the most heavily contaminated soil from the middle of the facility. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 2000. Investigations and monitoring are ongoing.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA did not have economic data related to on-site businesses, or economic data were not applicable due to site use. For additional information click here.
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AMCO Chemical
The 1-acre AMCO Chemical Superfund site is in Oakland, California. From the 1960s to 1989, the former AMCO Chemical Corporation owned and operated a chemical distribution facility on site. AMCO demolished several buildings and removed storage tanks and drums from the site during its operations. In 1995, PG&E and the California Department of Transportation found contaminants in the soil, soil gas and groundwater near the site. In 1997 and 1998, EPA excavated contaminated soils and operated treatment systems to address immediate threats from groundwater and soil gas contamination. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 2003. EPA’s Superfund Redevelopment Program (SRP) supported reuse planning activities at the site in 2009. Community meetings held as part of the reuse assessment planning process identified community reuse goals for the site. The goals help inform EPA’s remedy selection process. Cleanup goals included groundwater treatment, removal of contaminated soil, and vapor intrusion mitigation systems to prevent contaminated vapors from entering buildings. In 2014, local artists and businesses began subleasing a warehouse on site for commercial and industrial uses. Previous site uses include a scrap yard and a cable storage company. EPA completed an interim non-time critical removal action of soil and groundwater cleanup using underground thermal heating in 2017. In 2019, EPA began a treatability study using in-situ chemical oxidation to test if the technology would remediate contaminants under the warehouse. EPA is currently preparing a feasibility study to select a long-term remedy for the Site.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA did not have economic data related to on-site businesses, or economic data were not applicable due to site use. For additional information click here.
For more information:
- Planning for the Future: Reuse Assessment for the AMCO Chemical Superfund Site (PDF)
- Superfund Site Profile Page
Applied Materials
The Applied Materials Superfund site is in Santa Clara, California. A large industrial building occupies most of the 9-acre area. Applied Materials began making semiconductor wafers in the building in 1974. Sampling found soil and groundwater contamination in 1983. Leaking pipes connected to underground tanks may have resulted in the contamination. Applied Materials put in a system to pump and treat contaminated groundwater in 1984. The company also removed underground storage tanks and nearby soil in 1985. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 1987. The groundwater treatment system ran until 2002. Groundwater monitoring is ongoing. Applied Materials ended its research and manufacturing activities on site in 2003. Applied Materials then converted the building into offices and education facilities. Its corporate headquarters are now on site.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on one on-site business. This business employed 800 people and generated an estimated $625,212,121 in annual sales revenue. For additional information click here.
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Argonaut Mine
The Argonaut Mine Superfund site is in Jackson, California. A gold mine was active on site from the 1850s to 1942. The Argonaut Mining Company owned about 330 acres of land northwest of downtown Jackson. The property sold after the mine closed; about 90 acres of this area are now neighborhoods. The site consists of areas of contamination resulting from the release of hazardous substances from mining operations. EPA has taken several short-term cleanup actions to prevent people’s exposure to mine waste. These actions included removing soil from several areas, including residential yards, a vacant lot, a playing field and a lunch area at a junior high school, and around the main mine shaft. They also included covering an exposed slope with concrete to prevent dirt from leaving the area. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 2016. Cleanup activities and investigations are ongoing. In December 2021, the site was among those selected by EPA to receive cleanup funding under the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law (BIL). With this funding, EPA is already initiating work on backlogged remedial construction projects and accelerating cleanups at NPL sites. Continued uses at the site include the junior high school and athletic fields, residential and agricultural areas, and wetlands.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA did not have economic data related to on-site businesses, or economic data were not applicable due to site use. For additional information click here.
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Atlas Asbestos Mine
The Atlas Asbestos Mine Superfund site is in western Fresno County, California. The site includes two operable units: the Atlas Mine operable unit (Atlas Mine OU) and the City of Coalinga operable unit (City OU). The City OU is also part of the neighboring Coalinga Asbestos Mine Superfund site. The site also includes two areas of interest, the Clear Creek Management Area and the Arroyo Pasajero Ponding Basin. The 140-acre Atlas Mine OU includes the asbestos mine and tailings, a processing mill and support buildings. The mine was active from 1963 to 1979. During operations, some milling and mining products from Atlas Mine and the Coalinga Asbestos Mine were sent to the City OU prior to being processed and transported. Operations released asbestos into the soil, sediment, surface water and air. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 1984. Cleanup activities for the Atlas Mine OU diverted streams around the contamination and trapped contaminated sediment, stabilized the sides of waste piles, dismantled the old mill, and used fencing to limit access to the area. Institutional controls restrict land use and potential site disturbances. Operation and maintenance activities, routine inspections, and air monitoring are ongoing. Cleanup activities at the City OU excavated contaminated soil and consolidated it in the underground Waste Management Unit. EPA deleted the Coalinga Asbestos Mine Superfund site (including the City OU) from the NPL in 1998. The Atlas Mine OU is in use as open space and ecological habitat. The City OU part of the site is in continued commercial, industrial, public service and residential use. Redevelopment across the city of Coalinga includes stores, restaurants, social services, medical offices and residential areas.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on one on-site business. This business employed 8 people and generated an estimated $1,974,000 in annual sales revenue. For additional information click here.
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Beckman Instruments (Porterville Plant)
The Beckman Instruments (Porterville Plant) Superfund site is in Porterville, California. The 160-acre area includes the 12-acre Beckman plant property and nearby commercial, agricultural, and residential properties. The company made printed circuit boards and electronic instrument parts at the facility. From 1974 to 1983, facility operators disposed of wastes in an evaporation pond on site. This pond was the most likely source of groundwater contamination around the Beckman facility. Investigators also identified lead contamination in the soil. In 1985, Beckman began operating a groundwater pump-and-treat system. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 1986. In 1989, cleanup addressed contaminated soil and expanded the groundwater treatment system. In 2005, EPA agreed to discontinue use of the groundwater treatment system and allow the groundwater to recover naturally. Groundwater contamination of 1,1-DCE continued to decline and by 2019 was below the cleanup level required by EPA. More cleanup to address lead-contaminated soil took place in 2016 and 2017. The Beckman plant closed in 2018. In May 2019 EPA took the 160-acre soil portion of the site off the NPL and in March 2022 took the groundwater off the NPL. There are no restrictions on the use of the former electronics plant property. Land use in the surrounding neighborhood includes residential, commercial and agricultural. A storage company now operates on site.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA did not have economic data related to on-site businesses, or economic data were not applicable due to site use. For additional information click here.
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Celtor Chemical Works
The 26-acre Celtor Chemical Works Superfund site is located at the northern end of the Hoopa Valley in Humboldt County, California. The site is part of the northern Hoopa Valley Indian Reservation. The U.S. Bureau of Indian Affairs and the U.S. Department of the Interior held the site property in trust for many years. In 1957, the trustees leased the site to the Celtor Chemical Corporation (Celtor) for commercial sulfide ore processing. Celtor’s facility operated from 1957 to 1962. In 1962, an uncontrolled discharge of waste tailings from Celtor’s settling ponds went into the adjacent Trinity River. The California Department of Fish and Game cited Celtor for pollution and fish kills. The plant shut down in June 1962. In March 1963, the U.S. Bureau of Indian Affairs, as the trustee for the Hoopa Valley Indian Tribe, cancelled the leases for the Copper Bluff Mine and the Celtor Chemical Works Mill. Wastes from the milling operations and processed ore generated acidic runoff and elevated metals concentrations in soils across the site. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in September 1983. By December 1983, EPA had dug up 1,400 cubic yards of visibly contaminated materials. EPA fenced the main part of the site and covered the access road with gravel. The cleanup also diverted the flow of several springs away from the contaminated areas and into a nearby creek, which emptied into the Trinity River. Cleanup activities also identified more contamination at the site. In 1985, EPA selected the site’s long-term remedy. From October 1987 to October 1988, EPA dug up 1,200 more cubic yards of contaminated material and disposed of them off site at an approved hazardous waste disposal facility. Backfilling, contouring of the land and revegetation activities also finished in 1988, followed by a one-year maintenance period. After cleanup, EPA took the site off the NPL in 2003. People enjoy recreation activities such as boating, rafting, swimming and fishing on the Trinity River.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA did not have economic data related to on-site businesses, or economic data were not applicable due to site use. For additional information click here.
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Coalinga Asbestos Mine
The 120-acre Coalinga Asbestos Mine Superfund site is in Fresno County, California. It consists of two operable units (OUs): the Johns-Manville Mill (JMM) OU and the City OU. The JMM OU includes a former asbestos mine, a former processing mill and associated support buildings, and asbestos tailings. The City OU is also part of the neighboring Atlas Asbestos Mine Superfund site. An asbestos mining, processing and milling facility was on site from 1959 to 1974. A chromite mill was on site from 1975 to 1981. Facility operations contaminated air, soils, sediments and surface water. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 1983. Cleanup activities included excavation and disposal of contaminated soils and wastes, regrading of excavated areas, stream diversion and enhanced creek sediment trapping. Wastes were also consolidated in an underground waste management unit and capped with an impermeable cover. EPA took the site off the NPL in 1998. The City OU part of the site is in continued commercial, industrial, public service and residential use. Redevelopment across the city of Coalinga includes stores, restaurants, social services, medical offices and residential areas.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on 20 on-site businesses. These businesses employed 253 people and generated an estimated $36,661,132 in annual sales revenue. For additional information click here.
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CTS Printex, Inc.
The CTS Printex, Inc. Superfund site is in Mountain View, California. From 1966 to 1985, Printex Corporation (now CTS Printex) made printed circuit boards at a facility on a 5.5-acre property owned by ADN Corporation. Waste management practices resulted in soil and groundwater contamination at the property and groundwater contamination downgradient. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 1990. CTS Printex cleaned its waste collection system, removed contaminated structures, materials, and soil, and installed and operated a groundwater extraction system. In 2006, a developer bought the property. The developer built 108 townhomes after addressing soil contamination and putting in a passive sub-slab ventilation system with a vapor barrier for the townhomes. EPA worked with CTS Printex, the city of Mountain View and the developer to make sure the housing development would be compatible with future groundwater cleanup. In 2011, EPA required that CTS Printex take more action to clean up groundwater contamination and prevent chemicals from entering indoor air in buildings above contaminated groundwater. CTS Printex is cleaning up the remaining groundwater contamination.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA did not have economic data related to on-site businesses, or economic data were not applicable due to site use. For additional information click here.
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Del Amo
The 280-acre Del Amo Superfund site is in Los Angeles, California, in an area known as the Harbor Gateway. The Del Amo synthetic rubber plant was on site from 1943 to 1972. Manufacturing created various sludge wastes and wastewaters. Some of these wastes went into unlined pits and evaporation ponds on site. The operations also resulted in releases of contaminants into the soil. Developers turned most of the site into an industrial park in the 1970s. In 1981, the state required the cleanup of soil from one of the waste pits. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 2002. Cleanup has included waste pit capping, removal of contaminated vapors from soil beneath the waste pits, and removal of contaminated soils. Biodegradation and groundwater extraction and treatment will address the benzene contamination in groundwater. Developers subdivided 90% of the site property into 83 separate parcels. Developers developed a commercial and industrial business park on the parcels. Facilities include warehouses, freight and manufacturing areas, and office space. High-voltage power transmission lines owned by the Los Angeles Department of Water and Power cross the site property. In 2023, vapor intrusion investigations of 11 commercial buildings were completed and all the data indicated that concentrations were within EPA’s risk threshold. In addition, a soil vapor extraction system was installed and operating as expected.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on 163 on-site businesses. These businesses employed 4,277 people and generated an estimated $1,638,063,310 in annual sales revenue. For additional information click here.
For more information:
- Reuse and the Benefit to Community: Del Amo Superfund Site (PDF)
- Cleanup, Continued Use and Redevelopment in a Thriving Business Park: The Del Amo Superfund Site in Los Angeles, California (PDF)
- Superfund Site Profile Page
Fairchild Semiconductor Corp. (Mountain View Plant)
The Middlefield-Ellis-Whisman (MEW) Superfund Study Area is in Mountain View, California. The MEW Study Area includes three National Priorities List (NPL) sites: the Fairchild Semiconductor Corp. (Mountain View Plant) Superfund site, the Intel Corp. (Mountain View Plant) Superfund site and the Raytheon Company Superfund site. Several other facilities and parts of the Naval Air Station Moffett Field federal facility Superfund site are also part of the MEW Study Area. From the 1960s to 1980s, several facilities, including semiconductor, electronics manufacturing, and metal finishing companies, operated in the MEW area. These facilities used solvents, primarily trichloroethene (TCE), which were released to the subsurface during operations, handling, and from leaks in tanks and piping. EPA added the Fairchild Semiconductor Corp – Mountain View Plant to the NPL in 1991. In 1989, EPA selected a cleanup remedy to address facility-specific soil and groundwater source areas and regional groundwater contamination across the MEW Study Area. The soil remedy included excavating contaminated soil and soil vapor extraction and treatment. The soil cleanup was completed in 2001. The groundwater remedy includes barriers beneath the surface to contain contaminants, and extraction and treatment systems to contain and clean up groundwater contamination. In 2010, EPA selected a remedy to address the subsurface to indoor air pathway (vapor intrusion) for existing buildings and new buildings in the vapor intrusion study area. Groundwater treatment and monitoring and vapor intrusion monitoring and mitigation are ongoing. New residential and commercial office developments have been built with vapor intrusion control systems. The Fairchild Semiconductor Corp. (Mountain View Plant) site properties are now in reuse as an office complex for a major multi-national technology company and hosts other commercial office buildings. The Intel Corp. (Mountain View Plant) site properties are planned for redevelopment. The Raytheon Company site properties include several commercial businesses, including a software developer.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on one on-site business. This business employed 1,000 people and generated an estimated $1,486,779,440 in annual sales revenue. For additional information click here.
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Fairchild Semiconductor Corp. (South San Jose Plant)
The 22-acre Fairchild Semiconductor Corp. (South San Jose Plant) Superfund site is in San Jose, California. A semiconductor manufacturing facility was on site from 1977 to 1983. Its operations required the use and storage of industrial solvents. Schlumberger Technology Corporation (STC) acquired Fairchild Semiconductor Corp. in 1979. Two years later, STC found an underground waste storage tank of organic solvents had failed, resulting in soil and groundwater contamination. The company took many actions to clean up soil and groundwater. In 1989, EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL). Cleanup included soil removal, construction of a slurry cut-off wall around the site, groundwater extraction and treatment, soil vapor extraction and treatment, groundwater monitoring, and institutional controls. With regulatory agency approval, the groundwater system shut down in 1998. Vapor intrusion assessments performed in 2018 found no evidence of unacceptable vapor intrusion under current land use. STC continues to monitor the progress of natural groundwater recovery over time. The site was vacant from 1983 to 1998. From 1998 to 2000, developers built the Bernal Plaza shopping center at the site. It includes shops, a grocery store, restaurants, a postal annex and a parking lot. Paved parking surfaces overlie the former source area. Development of this area would require more investigation and cleanup.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on 31 on-site businesses. These businesses employed 390 people and generated an estimated $80,336,770 in annual sales revenue. For additional information click here.
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Firestone Tire & Rubber Co. (Salinas Plant)
The Firestone Tire & Rubber Co. (Salinas Plant) site is in Monterey County, California. A tire manufacturing plant was on site. Firestone Tire & Rubber Company (Firestone) used the 43-acre facility to make tires from 1963 to 1980. Operators used various chemicals that contaminated soil and groundwater. After the facility closed, Firestone led interim cleanup measures. Firestone treated groundwater and removed contaminated soil. In 1987, EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL). EPA required that Firestone expand its groundwater treatment system. In 1992, groundwater treatment met the required standards. After the facility closed, developers converted it into Firestone Business Park in 1986. The industrial park hosts several businesses. EPA took the site off the NPL in 2005.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on 9 on-site businesses. These businesses employed 352 people and generated an estimated $98,169,950 in annual sales revenue. For additional information click here.
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FMC Corp. (Fresno Plant)
The FMC Corp. (Fresno Plant) site is in Fresno, California. Industrial operations at the site began in 1931, when Sunland Sulfur Company processed sulfur for agricultural use. In 1946, Sunland started formulating fertilizers and dry pesticides as well as sulfur products. FMC bought the facility in 1959. It added the formulation of liquid pesticides to plant activities. Wastewater discharged to the 4.92-acre area via a trench during the 1960s and 1970s. Operators also likely disposed of fertilizer process wastes in the former disposal pond area from 1967 to 1972. EPA proposed adding the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 1984 and removed it from consideration in 1989. A cleanup action in 1985 removed about 1,500 cubic yards of contaminated soil from the disposal pond area. Today, the site is in commercial and industrial reuse. Land uses include a laundromat, automotive detail and repair shops, a recycling center and office space.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA did not have economic data related to on-site businesses, or economic data were not applicable due to site use. For additional information click here.
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Halaco Engineering Company
The Halaco Engineering Company Superfund site is in Oxnard, California. It includes an 11-acre smelter property, a 27-acre waste management area, and contaminated soils and sediments at adjacent properties owned by the city of Oxnard and The Nature Conservancy. Halaco Engineering Company ran a secondary metal smelter at the site from 1965 to 2004. It recovered aluminum, magnesium and zinc from dross, castings, cans, car parts and other scrap metal. The company produced a large amount of waste and deposited it on site, which led to contamination. In 2006, EPA began removal actions to stabilize the site and limit contaminant migration. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 2007. As part of its evaluation of cleanup options, EPA is looking at the cost and feasibility of beneficially using the waste material as cement in ready-mix concrete. Ecological use at the site is ongoing. The site includes part of the Ormond Beach wetlands,one of few remaining coastal wetlands in Southern California. Several endangered and threatened species live in the wetlands. In December 2017, Royal Pacific International bought the 26-acre waste management area. The community has expressed interest in developing a visitors center and trails on site, leading to Ormond Beach. EPA is expected to make a cleanup decision in 2025.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA did not have economic data related to on-site businesses, or economic data were not applicable due to site use. For additional information click here.
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Hexcel Corp.
The Hexcel Corp. site is in Livermore, California. The first manufacturing facility at the site opened in 1912. It made black powder safety fuse, resin-impregnated glass cloth products and detonation cord containing pentaerythritol tetranitrate. Hexcel Corporation purchased the property in 1968 to make composite materials used in aerospace and other structural applications. There have been two documented chemical releases at the facility. The site also includes an abandoned disposal area. Wastes consist of general plant refuse, industrial and chemical wastes, sewage wastes, household trash and construction debris. Activities in both areas contaminated soil and groundwater. EPA withdrew the site from consideration for the National Priorities List (NPL). Per a 2005 Consent Decree, Hexcel Corporation and other potentially responsible parties fund the groundwater and soil cleanup. Cleanup included treating soil in place, pumping and treating groundwater, monitoring groundwater, regrading the soil to prevent ponding and water infiltration, and institutional controls. A neighborhood is on site. Commercial and industrial reuses on site include automotive repair and residential construction businesses and building contractors.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA did not have economic data related to on-site businesses, or economic data were not applicable due to site use. For additional information click here.
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Industrial Waste Processing
The half-acre Industrial Waste Processing Superfund site is in Pinedale, California. From 1967 to 1981, Industrial Waste Processing (IWP) ran a chemical recycling facility on site. IWP recycled petroleum residues from natural gas field pipelines and solvents from the paint and ink industries. The facility also recovered lead solder and zinc from the metal can manufacturing industry. IWP also distributed various chemical solvents for Ashland Oil. After 1983, IWP used the site to store chemicals and equipment. Improper storage and handling practices resulted in soil contamination. In 1988, EPA removed hazardous liquids and contaminated soils from the site. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 1990 after investigators found lead and zinc contamination remaining in the soil. In 1999, potentially responsible parties led more cleanup activities. Cleanup involved removing and disposing of remaining contaminated soils as well as backfilling of excavated areas with clean material. In 2001, the site owner sold the property to a fabric awnings and accessories company. It built a warehouse and office facility that covers about 80% of the site. Asphalt, concrete and landscaping cover the rest of it. In 2018, EPA conducted sub-slab and indoor air sampling and determined that indoor air levels presented a risk. In response, EPA conducted a Time Critical Removal Action and installed a Sub-Slab Depressurization System (SSDS) to address PCE and TCE concentrations inside the facility. Monitoring is ongoing.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on one on-site business. This business employed 10 people and generated an estimated $970,000 in annual sales revenue. For additional information click here.
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Intel Corp. (Mountain View Plant)
The Middlefield-Ellis-Whisman (MEW) Superfund Study Area is in Mountain View, California. The MEW Study Area includes three National Priorities List (NPL) sites: the Fairchild Semiconductor Corp. (Mountain View Plant) Superfund site, the Intel Corp. (Mountain View Plant) Superfund site and the Raytheon Company Superfund site. Several other facilities and parts of the Naval Air Station Moffett Field federal facility Superfund site are also part of the MEW Study Area. From the 1960s to 1980s, several facilities, including semiconductor, electronics manufacturing, and metal finishing companies, operated in the MEW area. These facilities used solvents, primarily trichloroethene (TCE), which were released to the subsurface during operations, handling, and from leaks in tanks and piping. EPA added the Intel Mountain View site to the NPL in 1986. In 1989, EPA selected a cleanup remedy to address facility-specific soil and groundwater source areas and regional groundwater contamination across the MEW Study Area. The soil remedy included excavating contaminated soil and soil vapor extraction and treatment. The soil cleanup finished in 2001. The groundwater remedy includes groundwater extraction and treatment systems to control and clean up groundwater contamination. In 2010, EPA selected a remedy to address the subsurface to indoor air pathway (vapor intrusion) for existing buildings and new buildings in the vapor intrusion study area. Groundwater treatment and monitoring and vapor intrusion monitoring and mitigation are ongoing. New residential and commercial office developments have been built with vapor intrusion control systems. The Fairchild Semiconductor Corp. (Mountain View Plant) site properties are now in reuse as an office complex for a major multi-national technology company and hosts other commercial office buildings. The Intel Corp. (Mountain View Plant) site properties are planned for redevelopment. The Raytheon Company site properties include several commercial businesses, including a software developer.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on one on-site business. EPA did not have further economic details related to this business. For additional information click here.
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Intel Corp. (Santa Clara III)
The 4-acre Intel Corp. (Santa Clara III) Superfund site is in Santa Clara, California. From 1976 to 2008, Intel Corporation (Intel) tested chemicals and microprocessors. Regulators first found groundwater contamination at the site in 1982. In 1985, Intel started treating site groundwater. In 1986, EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) because groundwater contamination threatened the drinking water supply source for Santa Clara Valley residents. Intel ran the groundwater treatment system until 1995. In 2010, Vantage Data Centers purchased the property. It developed a data storage center on site. In 2016 and 2017, activated carbon injections addressed the two groundwater areas that still had trichloroethylene above the drinking water standard. Monitoring found the treatment method cleaned up the groundwater successfully. EPA took the site off the NPL in 2019.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on one on-site business. EPA did not have further economic details related to this business. For additional information click here.
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Intel Magnetics
The 3-acre Intel Magnetics Superfund site is in Santa Clara, California. It is also known as the Intel Magnetics (IM) site. Past activities at the IM building and nearby Micro Storage (MS) building resulted in shallow groundwater contamination. Investigations found two main sources of contamination – the IM facility’s underground waste-solvent storage tank and the MS chemical storage area. EPA added the IM part of the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 1986. In 1988, EPA added the MS area to the NPL listing. A groundwater treatment system ran on site from 1986 to 1995. Groundwater monitoring is ongoing. Today, technology firms are active on site.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on 2 on-site businesses. These businesses employed 127 people and generated an estimated $23,940,000 in annual sales revenue. For additional information click here.
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Intersil Inc./Siemens Components
The 15-acre Intersil Inc./Siemens Components Superfund site is part of a two-property Superfund site in Cupertino and Sunnyvale, California. The Former Intersil, Inc. (Intersil) facility is located at 10900 North Tantau Avenue; the former Siemens Components, Inc. (Siemens) facility is located at 19000 Homestead Road, and the Off-Property Study Area is located north of, and hydraulically downgradient from, the former Intersil and Siemens facilities, which extends into Sunnyvale, California. From 1967 to 1995, Intersil and Siemens Components made semiconductors on site. In 1980, the California San Francisco Bay Region Regional Water Quality Control Board’s (SFRWQCB’s) Underground Storage Tank Leak Detection Program found contaminants in soil and groundwater. The SFRWQCB and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) worked together to select the final remedy for the Site, which was documented in the SFRWQCB Final Cleanup Order No. 90-119, on August 15, 1990. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 1990. From 1990 to present, the Superfund site has been a SFRWQCB state-lead NPL site. Past cleanup activities included soil removal and off-site disposal and vapor extraction and treatment of chemical vapors. The soil vapor extraction systems at the sites were discontinued when the systems approached asymptotic conditions (conditions in which diminished decreases of contaminants may be expected) and due to raising groundwater levels. Ongoing cleanup at the components site includes groundwater extraction, treatment, monitoring, and hydraulic containment of groundwater contaminants. The Siemens Components building is now used as offices for a medical facility. The former Intersil building was demolished in 1997. In 2007, a developer purchased the Intersil property and built an office building. The new building on the property was constructed with a vapor barrier to preemptively prevent vapor intrusion. The Off Property Study Area for the Intersil/Siemens Components Site is in continued residential use. This area is located over part of the groundwater contamination. A vapor intrusion assessment showed no evidence of risk to human health at the site or in the residential area.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on 10 on-site businesses. These businesses employed 53 people and generated an estimated $1,535,750 in annual sales revenue. For additional information click here.
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Iron Mountain Mine
The 4,400-acre Iron Mountain Mine Superfund site is in Shasta County, California. From the 1860s to 1963, mining for copper, gold, pyrite, silver, and zinc took place at the site. It includes former surface and underground mine workings, waste rock piles, tailings piles, abandoned mining facilities and former smelting areas. Acid mine drainage from the site affects area surface water, including the Spring Creek Reservoir. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 1983. Investigations and cleanup are ongoing. EPA is addressing contamination in six stages. Five long-term cleanup stages are now in progress. They focus on water management and cleaning up major contamination source areas. Acid and metal contamination in surface water has been significantly reduced by capping waste areas, collecting contaminated runoff and treating contaminated surface water. EPA has included climate change resilience measures in the cleanup. These measures address the site's vulnerability to precipitation extremes, wildfires and potential erosion or landslides. The main mine area is privately owned. Areas around the site include non-residential, privately owned and federally managed lands. The U.S. Bureau of Reclamation manages the Spring Creek Debris Dam area and the Confined Disposal Facility area. There is no public access to the main mine area. A few homes are located outside the main mine area. They are not affected by contamination. Water leaving the site ultimately flows into the Upper Sacramento River. Several miles downstream are the intakes for the City of Redding's municipal water supply, which is treated and then serves approximately 70,000 people. There are no water quality impacts to drinking water. Spring Creek Arm and Lower Keswick Reservoir are public lands used for recreational boating and fishing. A public multi-use rail trail runs along the west bank of the Keswick Reservoir.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA did not have economic data related to on-site businesses, or economic data were not applicable due to site use. For additional information click here.
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J.H. Baxter & Co.
The 205-acre J.H. Baxter & Co. Superfund site is in the city of Weed in northern California. J.H. Baxter & Co. and Roseburg Forest Products own the site. Companies have used the site for wood treatment and related activities since 1937. Wood treatment contaminated groundwater, surface water, soil, sludge and a nearby creek. In 1986, potentially responsible parties (PRPs) put in a fence to limit site access. In 1989, EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL). In the late 1990s, the PRPs fenced the site to prevent direct contact with contamination. Construction of a slurry wall and extraction well system finished in 1999. The system is expected to operate indefinitely. Site soils have been excavated, treated and capped. A protective asphaltic-concrete surface covers about 14 acres of the site and prevents direct contact with contaminants. Surface water is being controlled and treated using a stormwater management system. Institutional controls restricting land and groundwater use are in place. Routine operation and maintenance activities and groundwater treatment and monitoring are ongoing. Roseburg Forest Products runs a lumber mill and veneer plant on site. Pacific States Treating also leases part of the site for wood-treating operations. Beaughton Creek crosses the eastern part of the site.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on 2 on-site businesses. These businesses employed 9 people and generated an estimated $830,000 in annual sales revenue. For additional information click here.
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Jervis B. Webb Co.
The Jervis B. Webb Co. Superfund site is in South Gate, California. From the 1950s to early 1996, a business made industrial conveyor belts on the southeast part of the site. A facility made aluminum and stainless-steel aircraft rivets on the northwest part of the site until about 1981. These activities contaminated soil and groundwater. EPA removed contaminated soil and replaced it with clean fill in 1999. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 2012. EPA completed the remedial investigation in 2016. The feasibility study was completed in 2023 and an Interim Record of Decision identifying thermal of onsite soil and groundwater will be signed in September 2023. A towing business and a former steel manufacturing company are active on site.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on 2 on-site businesses. These businesses employed 8 people and generated an estimated $3,884,000 in annual sales revenue. For additional information click here.
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Jibboom Junkyard
The 9-acre Jibboom Junkyard Superfund site is in Sacramento, California. The Associated Metals Company ran a metal-salvaging facility on site from 1950 to 1965. Salvage activities contaminated the site with herbicides/pesticides and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The California Department of Transportation bought the property in 1965 to build an elevated freeway. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 1983. Cleanup took place from 1985 to 1987. Cleanup included removal and disposal of contaminated soil and backfilling with clean soil. The soil cleanup prevented contamination of groundwater. After cleanup, EPA took the site off the NPL in 1991. Today, U.S. Interstate 5 covers 7 acres of the site and the rest of the site, located between the interstate and the Sacramento River, is home to Robert T. Matsui Waterfront Park. The city of Sacramento started the park design process in 1990 and construction finished in 2007. The park includes a pedestrian walkway that connects a fountain plaza to an overlook on a pier. The park has native vegetation, green space for picnicking and benches with river views. In 2022, the city of Sacramento announced a partnership with the Sacramento Tree Foundation to construct a new addition to the park known as the Hanami Line, which will include over 100 cherry blossom trees, public art, drought-tolerant landscaping, seating and an area for hosting festivals.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA did not have economic data related to on-site businesses, or economic data were not applicable due to site use. For additional information click here.
For more information:
- Site Redevelopment Profile for the Jibboom Junkyard Superfund Site (PDF)
- Superfund Site Profile Page
Lava Cap Mine
The 33-acre Lava Cap Mine is a former gold mine in the Sierra foothills outside of Nevada City, California. Various entities ran the Lava Cap Mine during two periods. The first period extended from 1860 to 1918. The second period ran from 1934 to 1943. More intensive gold and silver mining took place during the second period, with an average of 300 to 400 tons of ore processed per day. In addition to gold and silver, ore contained naturally occurring arsenic and trace amounts of heavy metals, such as lead. After ore processing, arsenic and heavy metals remained in the finely ground tailings. These improper disposal practices contaminated groundwater, surface water, soil, and sediment on site. The site first came to EPA’s attention after a citizen complaint. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 1999. Cleanup is ongoing, with a cap completed and design underway for mine drainage treatment. Municipal drinking water was supplied to nearby homes with affected wells. A feasibility study is underway for contaminated areas downstream. There are homes on site. They remain in use during cleanup.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA did not have economic data related to on-site businesses, or economic data were not applicable due to site use. For additional information click here.
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Lorentz Barrel & Drum Co.
The 7-acre Lorentz Barrel & Drum Co. Superfund site is in San Jose, California. A facility recycled drums on site from 1947 to 1987. During that time, it accepted more than 2 million drums. The facility emptied, cleaned, resealed, repainted and resold the used drums. The drums typically contained residues of solvents, acids and caustic chemicals. The improper handling of waste contaminated soil, groundwater and a nearby creek. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 1989. Cleanup included excavation and removal of remaining drums and contaminated soils, capping of the property, and groundwater treatment and monitoring. Property owners regularly inspect and maintain the cap. Groundwater treatment is ongoing. In 2001, EPA signed a Prospective Purchaser Agreement with a company interested in buying part of the site. The company agreed to maintain the site’s asphalt cap. It now uses the area as a vehicle storage lot for car dealerships. A paper recycling facility is on another part of the site.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on one on-site business. This business employed 6 people and generated an estimated $3,952,000 in annual sales revenue. For additional information click here.
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Louisiana-Pacific Corp.
The Louisiana-Pacific Corp. Superfund site is in Oroville, California. It includes a 100-acre wood-processing plant and a 115-acre landfill, located a half-mile apart. Georgia-Pacific Corporation built the plant in 1969 and ran it until 1973. In 1973, Louisiana-Pacific Corporation took on ownership and operation of the plant and landfill. In 1973, the state detected high levels of a contaminant in nearby residential wells. By 1983, an area of groundwater contamination extended 1.5 miles south. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 1986. EPA put a fence around the perimeter and deed restrictions on residential use of the site. Cleanup also included soil sampling. Groundwater cleanup included restrictions on new well permits and monitoring of on-site wells for contamination. After more soil and groundwater investigations, EPA determined that the site did not require further cleanup. EPA took the site off the NPL in 1996. Louisiana-Pacific Corporation has since closed. An industrial park is now on site.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on 9 on-site businesses. These businesses employed 41 people and generated an estimated $4,909,180 in annual sales revenue. For additional information click here.
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MEW Study Area
The MEW Study Area is in Mountain View, California. MEW (Middlefield-Ellis-Whisman) includes three National Priorities List (NPL) sites: the Fairchild Semiconductor Corp. (Mountain View Plant) Superfund site, the Intel Corp. (Mountain View Plant) Superfund site and the Raytheon Company Superfund site. Several other facilities and parts of the Naval Air Station Moffett Field federal facility Superfund site are also part of the MEW Study Area. From the 1960s to 1980s, semiconductor, electronics manufacturing, and metal finishing companies operated in the MEW area. These facilities used solvents, primarily trichloroethene (TCE), which were released to the subsurface during operations and handling, and from leaks in tanks and piping. In 1989, EPA selected a cleanup remedy to address soil and groundwater contamination across the MEW Study Area. In 2010, EPA selected a remedy to address the subsurface to indoor air pathway (vapor intrusion) for existing buildings and new buildings in the Vapor Intrusion Study Area. Groundwater treatment and monitoring and vapor intrusion monitoring and mitigation are ongoing. New residential and commercial office developments have been built with vapor intrusion control systems. Fairchild Semiconductor Corp. (Mountain View Plant) site properties are now in reuse as an office complex for a major multi-national technology company and host other commercial office buildings. Redevelopment is planned for the Intel Corp. (Mountain View Plant) site properties. Raytheon Company site properties have recently been sold. They will host commercial office businesses in the future.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA did not have economic data related to on-site businesses, or economic data were not applicable due to site use. For additional information click here.
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Modesto Ground Water Contamination
The Modesto Ground Water Contamination Superfund site is about 1.5 miles north of Modesto, California. The site includes a commercial dry-cleaning business and other nearby commercial and residential areas located above contaminated groundwater. A dry-cleaning facility discharged contaminated wastewater into the sewer system and leaked chemicals into the soil and groundwater. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 1989. The dry-cleaning business, the site’s potentially responsible party (PRP), took several actions to stop further contamination, including replacing old equipment and using more environmentally friendly cleaning practices. The PRP also paved most of the site to reduce the potential for exposure. Cleanup includes groundwater treatment and monitoring as well as soil vapor extraction. Groundwater and soil treatment is ongoing. A dry-cleaning business continues to operate at the site’s source area. Commercial and residential areas of the site remain in continued use. In December 2021, the site was among those selected by EPA to receive cleanup funding under the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law (BIL). In 2023, construction began in accordance with the final ROD signed in 2021. With this funding, EPA is already initiating work on backlogged remedial construction projects and accelerating cleanups at NPL sites.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on one on-site business. This business employed 6 people and generated an estimated $427,640 in annual sales revenue. For additional information click here.
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Monolithic Memories
The 7-acre Monolithic Memories Superfund site is in Sunnyvale, California. It shares a plume of contaminated groundwater with the National Semiconductor Corp. Superfund site. From 1970 to 1989, Monolithic Memories, Inc. (MMI) made semiconductors on part of the site. In 1987, MMI merged with Advanced Micro Devices (AMD). In 1982, sampling found volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in soil and groundwater. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 1987. Cleanup activities included the removal of contaminated soil and storage tanks, soil vapor extraction and groundwater treatment. Cleanup facilitated the site’s reuse. In 2005, AMD gave part of the site to a local charity. A developer later acquired the area. In 2014, the developer built a fitness center there. Vapor intrusion assessments at one building found unacceptable vapor intrusion occurring through restroom floor drains and plumbing. Mitigation measures included floor drain sealing and ventilation upgrades. Follow-up sampling found there is no longer an unacceptable vapor intrusion risk.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on 2 on-site businesses. These businesses employed 38 people and generated an estimated $9,347,000 in annual sales revenue. For additional information click here.
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Montrose Chemical Corp.
The Montrose Chemical Corp. Superfund site is in Los Angeles, California. From 1947 to 1982, pesticide chemicals were made on site. EPA investigations found widespread contamination on and around the facility. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 1989. Cleanup, operation and maintenance activities, and monitoring are ongoing. To manage the cleanup, EPA divided the site into seven operable units (OUs). The Palos Verdes Shelf (OU5) is an area of contaminated sediment in the ocean off the coast of the Palos Verdes Peninsula. OU5 is in continued use for commercial purposes and sport fishing. Parts of OU5 are also used for boating, swimming, windsurfing, surfing, scuba diving, snorkeling and shell-fishing. The California Department of Fish and Wildlife designated two parts of OU5 as marine protection areas. The goal is to protect natural habitats and marine life. The Soil Vapor Extraction (SVE) system and Soil Vapor Barrier System have removed more than 32,000 gallons of Dense Non-aqueous Phase Liquid, or “DNAPL” (Operable Unit 3D), from the site since the beginning of the second pilot study.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA did not have economic data related to on-site businesses, or economic data were not applicable due to site use. For additional information click here.
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National Semiconductor Corp.
The 150-acre National Semiconductor Corp. (NSC) Superfund site is in Santa Clara and Sunnyvale, California and has a combined groundwater plume with Monolithic Memories. Starting in 1967, National Semiconductor Corp. made electronic equipment at the site. Site investigations, which began in 1982, found volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in soil and groundwater. Leaks from underground storage tanks, sumps, and pipes were the suspected sources of the contamination. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 1987. Under EPA oversight, National Semiconductor Corp., the site’s potentially responsible party (PRP), removed leaking tanks, sumps and pipes, and treated soil source areas. The PRP began extraction and treatment of contaminated groundwater in 1984. Other cleanup actions included the removal and disposal of contaminated soil and the implementation of pilot and full-scale remedial actions in the various Santa Clara source areas. Remedial actions also included ozone sparging, soil vapor extraction, chemical oxidation and bioremediation. Restrictions were also placed on site groundwater use. Eleven of the original 12 soil source areas have received regulatory closure from the California Regional Water Quality Control Board, San Francisco Bay Region. Cleanup of the final soil source area is ongoing. Groundwater treatment and monitoring are ongoing in Santa Clara and Sunnyvale. Efforts to evaluate and address vapor intrusion in buildings over the plume are also underway. Mitigation measures are taken wherever necessary to address any unacceptable vapor intrusion. Sampling found no evidence of unacceptable vapor intrusion in the residential buildings evaluated over the downgradient plume. Manufacturing activities ceased at the site by 1999. Applied Materials, an on-site business, installed solar panels in 2008. Texas Instruments took over National Semiconductor Corp. in 2011. Texas Instruments owns most of the site's property. About 8.6 acres of the site were purchased in 2013 for use as office and commercial space. Texas Instruments retained its Santa Clara campus for design and sales offices, research and development laboratories, and support services.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on 12 on-site businesses. These businesses employed 1,741 people and generated an estimated $1,039,962,425 in annual sales revenue. For additional information click here.
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Operating Industries, Inc., Landfill
The Operating Industries, Inc., (OII) Landfill Superfund site is 10 miles east of Los Angeles in Monterey Park, California. The Pomona Freeway divides the 190-acre area into two parcels – the 145- acre South Parcel and the 45-acre North Parcel. From 1948 to 1984, a landfill was on site. It received residential and commercial refuse, liquid wastes, and various hazardous wastes and materials. In the 1980s, EPA took emergency actions to begin stabilizing the site. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 1986. Cleanup actions included covering the landfill, controlling landfill gas and managing chemicals in water draining from the landfill. . A treatment plant collects landfill liquids for treatment. Monitoring and maintenance of the cleanup systems is ongoing. Institutional controls restrict groundwater use and limit reuse on the landfill cap. From 2002 to 2009, six 70-kilowatt microturbines changed landfill gas into electricity on site. The electricity provided half the energy needed to run the treatment plant, saving the project about $1.75 million over seven years. In 2016, the potentially responsible parties worked with the city of Monterey Park and a developer to redevelop the North Parcel for commercial use. Restaurants and retail businesses opened on site in 2018. More commercial retailers and a solar project are planned. In July 2019, EPA Region 9 presented its Excellence in Site Reuse award to the Operating Industries, Inc., Landfill Site Custodial Trust, the city of Monterey Park and M&M Realty Partners. The award is given to developers, site owners, responsible parties and other stakeholders demonstrating excellence in working with EPA on the redevelopment of a Superfund sites.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on 13 on-site businesses. These businesses employed 701 people and generated an estimated $149,784,151 in annual sales revenue. For additional information click here.
For more information:
- Superfund Site Profile Page
- Site Redevelopment Profile: Operating Industries Inc. (PDF)
- EPA Region 9 Excellence in Site Reuse Award
- Sites in Reuse: Former Landfill Property (PDF)
Pacific Coast Pipeline
The Pacific Coast Pipeline Superfund site is a 55-acre area located just east of the city of Fillmore in Ventura County, California. A former petroleum refinery operated on the property from about 1915 to 1950. Texaco Inc., now a subsidiary of Chevron Corporation, acquired the refinery in 1928. The refinery shut down in 1950, was largely dismantled by 1951 and converted to a crude oil pumping station by 1952. Improper disposal practices contaminated soil with lead and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and contaminated groundwater with volatile organic compounds. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in September 1989. In 1992, EPA selected pumping and treatment of contaminated groundwater as the long-term remedy. The responsible party put in two extraction wells and a soil vapor extraction system. The systems reduced the amount of benzene in groundwater but could not clean the groundwater to meet drinking water standards. EPA approved the shutdown of the systems in 2002. In 2011, EPA selected a remedy for contaminated soil and changed the remedy for groundwater. Surface soil cleanup finished in 2014. EPA took the surface soil portion of the site off the NPL in 2018. Groundwater concentrations are trending toward site cleanup goals and the groundwater remedy has transitioned to monitored natural attenuation, a process where naturally occurring processes reduce contamination.. Institutional controls are in place to restrict land and groundwater use. Infrastructure on site includes electric utilities that support cleanup activities and solar power facilities. Development of a 3-megawatt solar facility began in 2020. The 11,000-module facility started running in September 2021, delivering electricity to Ventura County residents and businesses and reducing the county’s emissions by about 5%. The facility is projected to save the county up to $4.5 million over its 25-year lifetime.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on one on-site business. EPA did not have further economic details related to this business. For additional information click here.
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Pemaco Maywood
The 4-acre Pemaco Maywood Superfund site is located along the Los Angeles River in Maywood, California. A chemical mixing facility was on site from the 1940s to 1991. In 1993, a fire destroyed the plant. EPA found hazardous chemicals in soil and groundwater. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 1999. EPA finished treating the most contaminated soils using electrical resistive heating in 2008. A carbon-based treatment system for soil vapors and groundwater continues to operate. A solar-powered energy system provides supplemental energy to the treatment plant. The 3.4-kilowatt-hour solar energy system produces about 5,700 kilowatt hours annually, offsetting about 3.3 tons of carbon dioxide emissions each year. The city of Maywood and The Trust for Public Land incorporated the site into a community park as part of the Los Angeles River Greenway project. Maywood Riverfront Park opened in 2006. It includes soccer fields, basketball courts, a play area, native plant landscaping and picnic areas. EPA, in conjunction with the city of Maywood, redeveloped an additional part of the site as part of the park. This area opened to the public in 2018. It features walkways, lighting, gazebos, benches and barbeques. Today, Maywood Riverfront Park continues to offer much-needed athletic and recreation facilities in a heavily populated urban area.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA did not have economic data related to on-site businesses, or economic data were not applicable due to site use. For additional information click here.
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Ralph Gray Trucking Co.
The 23-acre Ralph Gray Trucking Co. Superfund site is in a residential neighborhood in Westminster, California. During the 1930s, Murdy Dairy Farm was on site. Beginning in 1936, Ralph Gray collected acid sludge, oil field wastes and oil refinery wastes and put them in four unlined pits at the farm. Ralph Gray abandoned the disposal pits in the late 1930s. The pits remained undisturbed until the construction of 75 homes in the late 1950s. At that point, the development company buried hazardous substances from the pits in two unlined trenches and cut through the backyard areas of about 25 of the lots before building the homes. After repeated complaints from residents when black sludge and seep material appeared in their yards, EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 1992. EPA removal actions included razing and restoration of backyard improvements, such as house additions, swimming pools, decks, other structures and landscaping. Cleanup and restoration contractors razed and reconstructed several houses built directly above waste deposits. The contractors removed visible material and excavated at least 5 more feet into the clean soil. After the removal work, EPA restored affected yards and structures. EPA also provided financial compensation to owners of demolished homes as part of the cleanup effort so that owners could rebuild or replace their homes. EPA completed all restoration work in 1997. The site remains in continued residential use. EPA took the site off the NPL in 2004.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA did not have economic data related to on-site businesses, or economic data were not applicable due to site use. For additional information click here.
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Raytheon Corp.
The Middlefield-Ellis-Whisman (MEW) Superfund Study Area is in Mountain View, California. The MEW Study Area includes three National Priorities List (NPL) sites: the Fairchild Semiconductor Corp. (Mountain View Plant) Superfund site, the Intel Corp. (Mountain View Plant) Superfund site and the Raytheon Company Superfund site. Several other facilities and parts of the Naval Air Station Moffett Field federal facility Superfund site are also part of the MEW Study Area. From the 1960s to 1980s, several facilities, including semiconductor, electronics manufacturing, and metal finishing companies, operated in the MEW area. These facilities used solvents, primarily trichloroethene (TCE), which were released to the subsurface during operations, handling, and from leaks in tanks and piping. EPA added the MEW sites to the NPL in 1986. In 1989, EPA selected a cleanup remedy to address facility-specific soil and groundwater source areas and regional groundwater contamination across the MEW Study Area. The soil remedy included excavating contaminated soil and soil vapor extraction and treatment. The soil cleanup finished in 2001. The groundwater remedy includes barriers beneath the surface to contain contaminants, and extraction and treatment systems to control and clean up groundwater contamination. In 2010, EPA selected a remedy to address the subsurface to indoor air pathway (vapor intrusion) for existing buildings and new buildings in the vapor intrusion study area. Groundwater treatment and monitoring and vapor intrusion monitoring and mitigation are ongoing. New residential and commercial office developments have been built with vapor intrusion control systems. The Fairchild Semiconductor Corp. (Mountain View Plant) site properties are now in reuse as an office complex for a major multi-national technology company and hosts other commercial office buildings. The Intel Corp. (Mountain View Plant) site properties are planned for redevelopment. The Raytheon Company site properties include several commercial businesses, including a software developer.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on one on-site business. This business employed 31 people and generated an estimated $2,930,000 in annual sales revenue. For additional information click here.
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Rhone-Poulenc, Inc./Zoëcon Corp.
The 13.19-acre Rhone-Poulenc Inc./Zoëcon Corp. site is in East Palo Alto, California. It includes a former pesticide manufacturing plant, a sludge pond and a chemical storage facility. From the late 1950s to the early 1970s, operators stored hazardous waste drums on site. Some of the drums leaked. In 1980, an investigation by new site owners found arsenic contamination in soil and groundwater, the result of improper handling of pesticides. EPA proposed adding the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 1984 and removed it from consideration in 1989. The California Department of Health Services (DOHS) led the cleanup, which addressed contaminated soil and groundwater. Most of the site is not in use. Part of the Bay Trail, a 500-mile regional walking and cycling trail around San Francisco Bay, crosses the site.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA did not have economic data related to on-site businesses, or economic data were not applicable due to site use. For additional information click here.
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Rockets, Fireworks, And Flares Site
The Rockets, Fireworks, and Flares Superfund site, formerly known as the B.F. Goodrich Superfund site, consists of a 160-acre industrial area in Rialto, California, and a 6-mile-long area of groundwater contamination. In the 1940s, the U.S. Army used part of the site to store ammunition and weapons. Defense contractors and fireworks manufacturers used the land after World War II. Operators handled perchlorate salts and other hazardous chemicals and disposed of chemical wastes on site. Chemicals seeped into the ground and contaminated the groundwater. The underground water supply is a critical source of drinking water for residents and businesses in Rialto and surrounding communities. The California Regional Water Quality Control Board led initial efforts to address the contamination. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 2009. The Goodrich Corporation, Emhart Industries (a corporate successor to West Coast Loading Corporation), Pyro Spectaculars, American Promotional Events and others entered into agreements with EPA to pay for cleanup at the site. With EPA oversight, Emhart Industries completed the construction of the first of two groundwater cleanup projects in 2023. EPA finalized its second groundwater cleanup plan in 2022. The plan includes removing and treating contaminated groundwater, preventing the spread of contaminated groundwater, and making the treated groundwater available as a drinking water source. Further soil and groundwater testing is ongoing. Pyro Spectaculars and American Promotional Events remain active on site. Other industrial businesses remain active on site as well. They include a concrete pipe manufacturer.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on 6 on-site businesses. These businesses employed 197 people and generated an estimated $84,459,111 in annual sales revenue. For additional information click here.
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San Fernando Valley (Area 1)
The San Fernando Valley (Area 1) Superfund site (SFV Area 1) is one of four Superfund sites in California’s San Fernando Valley that were added to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 1986. The site covers about 20 square miles and includes the areas of North Hollywood and Burbank. The San Fernando Valley groundwater basin provides drinking water to residents of the cities of Los Angeles, Burbank and Glendale. Decades of aerospace and manufacturing activities in the San Fernando Valley contaminated the groundwater aquifer with chromium and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Sampling done in 1980 under a state-wide effort to identify groundwater contamination found high levels of VOCs in city wells in the area. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List in 1986. EPA oversees the cleanup of contaminated groundwater. Cleanup includes extraction and treatment of contaminated groundwater. Two groundwater pump-and-treat systems have operated in the North Hollywood and Burbank areas since 1989 and 1996, respectively. Treated groundwater from the Burbank groundwater treatment system provides a municipal water source for the community. The treated groundwater saves the municipality millions of dollars every year. This heavily developed urban area is a mix of residential, commercial, and industrial land uses. In 2001, part of the site (Lockheed Martin's B-1 area) was redeveloped for commercial uses, called the Burbank Empire Center. In 2005, the Burbank Airport Commerce Center was built on site; it includes commercial and light industrial uses. Since 1930, Hollywood Burbank Airport has operated on site.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on 156 on-site businesses. These businesses employed 4,820 people and generated an estimated $1,104,527,664 in annual sales revenue. For additional information click here.
For more information:
- Reuse and the Benefit to Community: San Fernando Valley (Area 1) Superfund Site: Burbank (PDF)
- Superfund Site Profile Page
San Fernando Valley (Area 2)
The San Fernando Valley (Area 2) Superfund site (SFV Area 2) is one of four Superfund sites in California’s San Fernando Valley. It covers about 6,680 acres. The San Fernando Valley groundwater basin provides drinking water to residents in Los Angeles, Burbank and Glendale. In 1980, several cities in the San Fernando Valley found contamination in drinking water wells. The chemicals found in wells were used widely by many industries, including aerospace and defense manufacturing, machinery degreasing, dry cleaning and metal plating. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 1986. A pump-and-treat system addresses the volatile organic compound contamination in the regional groundwater aquifer. The system provides a critical and drought resistant clean drinking water source to Glendale. Remedial designs are underway to help the system capture more contamination. EPA is completing reporting on a vapor intrusion assessment from groundwater across Area 2. In 2004, EPA began studying chromium contamination at the site. EPA set up the Glendale Chromium area in 2007 to address chromium contamination in groundwater. A draft feasibility study was submitted in 2022 to identify remedial alternatives for chromium and final feasibility study is anticipated in 2024. Continued uses at the site include industrial, residential, recreational and commercial areas.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on one on-site business. This business employed 6 people and generated an estimated $812,000 in annual sales revenue. For additional information click here.
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San Fernando Valley (Area 3)
The San Fernando Valley (Area 3) Superfund site (SFV Area 3) is a delisted Superfund site in California’s San Fernando Valley. SFV Area 3 is one of four San Fernando Valley Superfund sites that EPA added to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 1986. SFV Area 3 is in a basin hydrologically separate from the other sites. Located in the Verdugo Basin east of the Verdugo Mountains, it covers about 2,000 acres. Land use in the Verdugo Basin is primarily residential along the floor of the valley and undeveloped (open space) in surrounding mountains. Commercial development extends along Foothill Boulevard. There is a y-shaped commercial sector in the southern part of the basin. The basin also includes four agricultural areas. The Verdugo Basin supplies water to an unincorporated area of Los Angeles County, known locally as La Crescenta. La Crescenta Water District supplies water to area residents. EPA and the state reviewed groundwater monitoring results from the 1980s to 2002. EPA, with support from the state, determined that Superfund cleanup actions at the site were not necessary. EPA took the site off the NPL in 2004.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA did not have economic data related to on-site businesses, or economic data were not applicable due to site use. For additional information click here.
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San Fernando Valley (Area 4)
The San Fernando Valley (Area 4) Pollock Operable Unit Superfund site is one of four Superfund sites in California’s San Fernando Valley. EPA added these sites to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 1986. Groundwater contamination in the San Fernando Valley came from a range of industrial operations. The San Fernando Valley Groundwater Basin provides treated drinking water to residents of the cities of Los Angeles, Burbank and Glendale, and the La Crescenta Water District. The San Fernando Valley (Area 4) Pollock Operable Unit covers about 5,860 acres near the Los Angeles Department of Water and Power (LADWP) Pollock Well Field in Los Angeles. The San Fernando Valley (Area 4) Pollock Operable Unit area is located at the southern portion of the San Fernando Valley Groundwater Basin south of Los Feliz Blvd. The Pollock Operable Unit is an urban area that includes a mix of residential, public service, commercial and industrial land uses. In 1992, EPA through a grant to LADWP completed a remedial investigation of the San Fernando Valley Groundwater Basin that included the LADWP Pollock Well Field. In 1994, EPA determined that selecting and implementing a groundwater remedy was not necessary at that time because private water-supply wells are prohibited and LADWP planned to install a facility at their Pollock Well Field to treat the contaminated groundwater captured by those wells. In 1999, LADWP reactivated two wells in the Pollock well field and began operating the groundwater treatment facility. Currently, San Fernando Valley (Area 4) groundwater is treated to meet EPA and State drinking water standards before it is transferred to LADWP’s public water supply system. EPA is currently conducting a remedial investigation study for the San Fernando Valley (Area 4) Pollock Operable Unit. The effort included the installation of new monitoring wells, groundwater sampling and soil gas sampling. After the remedial investigation, EPA will prepare a feasibility study to determine how to clean up the groundwater contamination.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on 17 on-site businesses. These businesses employed 550 people and generated an estimated $124,121,530 in annual sales revenue. For additional information click here.
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San Gabriel Valley (Area 1)
The San Gabriel Valley (Area 1) Superfund Site is one of four San Gabriel Valley Superfund sites in Southern California. These sites include areas of contaminated groundwater in the 170-square-mile San Gabriel Valley. Decades of improper chemical handling and waste disposal practices at hundreds of industrial sites across the valley resulted in widespread groundwater contamination. Most of the activities that led to the contamination likely occurred between the 1940s and 1970s. Investigations and studies to identify the sources of contamination continue. EPA added the four main areas of groundwater contamination in the San Gabriel Valley to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 1984. To date, investigators have found soil contamination at about 150 facilities within Area 1. Area 1 includes about 3 square miles of groundwater contamination under parts of the cities of El Monte, Rosemead and Temple City, about 8 square miles of groundwater contamination under parts of the cities of South El Monte, El Monte and Rosemead, and about 4 square miles of groundwater contamination in the southernmost part of San Gabriel Valley. EPA started overseeing groundwater treatment in Area 1 in the early 2000s. EPA continues to oversee the operation of the nine groundwater treatment systems sitewide. In the near term, EPA is construction of remedy enhancements to one of the shallow groundwater systems in El Monte due to changing site conditions. Water utilities in the area provide clean water that meets all state and federal drinking water standards. As of 2020, site facilities can treat 34 million gallons of water per day. Cleanup, monitoring and sampling activities are ongoing as part of the regional groundwater remedy and at former source properties overseen by state lead agencies. Continued site uses include commercial, industrial, residential and open space areas as well as recreation and flood control.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA did not have economic data related to on-site businesses, or economic data were not applicable due to site use. For additional information click here.
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San Gabriel Valley (Area 2)
The San Gabriel Valley (Area 2) Superfund site is one of four San Gabriel Valley Superfund sites in Southern California. The sites include areas of contaminated groundwater in the 170-square-mile San Gabriel Valley. In 1984, EPA added four areas of groundwater contamination in the valley to the National Priorities List (NPL). The Area 2 site (also known as the Baldwin Park Operable Unit) includes groundwater contamination under parts of the cities of Azusa, Irwindale, Baldwin Park, West Covina, La Puente and Industry. It covers about 10 square miles. Land use at the site is largely suburban, with a mix of residential, commercial and industrial uses. Cleanup includes the operation of five large groundwater pump-and-treat systems. The systems help ensure an adequate supply of clean water for the region. They provide enough treated groundwater to supply over 100,000 homes and businesses. Groundwater treatment began in about 2000. Water agencies test drinking water regularly to make sure it meets state and federal safe drinking water standards. Cleanup, monitoring and sampling activities are ongoing.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA did not have economic data related to on-site businesses, or economic data were not applicable due to site use. For additional information click here.
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San Gabriel Valley (Area 3)
The San Gabriel Valley (Area 3) Superfund Site is one of four San Gabriel Valley Superfund sites in Southern California. In 1979, state-required testing by water providers found multiple areas of contamination in the San Gabriel Valley’s water supply. Hundreds of businesses and companies contaminated over 30 square miles of groundwater in the San Gabriel Valley. In 1984, EPA added the four main areas of groundwater contamination in the valley to the National Priorities List (NPL). The Area 3 site addresses groundwater within an 19 square mile area underlying the cities of Alhambra, Rosemead, San Gabriel, San Marino, South Pasadena and Temple City. Land uses at the site include commercial and residential areas. There are also some areas of light industry and open space. EPA is investigating the site and preparing for a sitewide feasibility study in 2025. EPA expects to complete investigations and select a cleanup plan for the site in 2026. Water utilities in the area provide clean water that meets all state and federal drinking water standards. Cleanup, monitoring and sampling activities at former source properties that may have contributed to the groundwater are overseen by State lead agencies.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA did not have economic data related to on-site businesses, or economic data were not applicable due to site use. For additional information click here.
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San Gabriel Valley (Area 4)
The San Gabriel Valley (Area 4) Superfund site is one of four San Gabriel Valley Superfund sites in southern California. The sites include areas of contaminated groundwater in the 170-square-mile San Gabriel Valley. In 1979, state-required testing by water providers found multiple areas of contamination in the San Gabriel Valley’s water supply. Hundreds of businesses and companies contaminated over 30 square miles of groundwater in the San Gabriel Valley. In 1984, EPA added the four main areas of valley groundwater contamination to the National Priorities List (NPL). The sites include industrial, commercial and residential areas as well as undeveloped land. The Area 4 site (also known as the Puente Valley Operable Unit) is a 23-square-mile sub-area. It includes the Main San Gabriel Basin and the Puente Basin. The site is located mostly in the cities of Industry and La Puente. It also includes some unincorporated parts of eastern Los Angeles County. EPA planned for three groundwater pump-and-treat systems to protect the water supply in the “mouth of the valley” part of the Puente Valley. The goal is to prevent further contaminant movement. Construction of the systems began in 2006. EPA anticipates that all three cleanup systems will be in place by 2024. Water utilities in the area provide clean water that meets all state and federal drinking water standards. In 2019, EPA’s Superfund Job Training Initiative provided career development opportunities for 20 trainees living near the site, including certifications and hands-on training for construction and cleanup. Commercial and industrial businesses remain active on site and development of properties above the groundwater plume is ongoing. EPA will continue to work with developers and future tenants to make sure site uses remain compatible with the groundwater remedy.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on 17 on-site businesses. These businesses employed 529 people and generated an estimated $139,682,627 in annual sales revenue. For additional information click here.
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Selma Pressure Treating Company
The Selma Pressure Treating Company Superfund site is in Selma, California. A wood-treating company was active at the 18-acre area from 1936 to 1981. It includes the 4-acre former wood-treating facility and an adjacent vineyard used for drainage. Wood-treating activities contaminated soil and groundwater with chemicals, including hexavalent chromium. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 1983. Soil cleanup included digging up and stabilizing contaminated soil under protective caps. Groundwater cleanup treated chromium and placed restrictions on groundwater use. Groundwater treatment and monitoring are ongoing. The owner of the 4-acre former wood-treating facility leases the asphalt cap area for waste management and a recycling transfer yard. The former vineyard area now hosts industrial activities and storage facilities. The groundwater treatment system is also on the former vineyard area.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on one on-site business. This business employed 5 people and generated an estimated $960,000 in annual sales revenue. For additional information click here.
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Signetics, Inc.
The Signetics, Inc. site in Sunnyvale, California, covers about 20 acres. It is considered part of the “Triple Site”, which also includes the Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. (AMD) site, the TRW Microwave (TRW) Superfund site and the Offsite Operable Unit (Offsite OU). Beginning in 1964, North American Philips Company (Philips) ran an integrated-circuits manufacturing facility at the Signetics, Inc. site. Its process used and generated hazardous substances, including trichloroethylene (TCE) and other organic solvents, acids, corrosives and metals. Initial investigation of soil pollution at the site began in February 1982 after detection of a leak in an underground waste solvent storage tank. Contaminated soil was found during the tank removal. Additional investigation found that the two probable source areas of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were the waste solvent tank area and a wastewater neutralization tank area. A groundwater plume contaminated with VOCs, including TCE, extends more than a mile north from the site. The plume affects the adjacent AMD and TRW sites, as well as the nearby AMD (Building 915) site. Cleanup, managed by Signetics Company, included soil excavation, soil vapor extraction, and groundwater extraction and treatment. The neighborhood north of the site’s source area where groundwater contamination is located, referred to as the Offsite OU, includes more than 1,000 households and four schools. EPA has overseen Philips’ indoor air sampling efforts in more than 35 school buildings and 220 homes and the installation of 25 school and residential mitigation systems. In March 2019, EPA finalized an agreement with Philips that requires the company to evaluate options to speed the cleanup of groundwater and test buildings for vapor intrusion issues at the site. In October 2019, EPA finalized two settlements with the potentially responsible parties at the Triple Site. They require ongoing vapor intrusion sampling in all commercial buildings on site and adjacent residences; and mitigation as needed. Several businesses, including a hardware store, a rock-climbing gym, and technology and consulting companies, are active in the on-site buildings. Continued land uses at the Offsite OU include residential areas and schools.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on 130 on-site businesses. These businesses employed 1,201 people and generated an estimated $184,816,918 in annual sales revenue. For additional information click here.
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Sola Optical USA, Inc.
The 35-acre Sola Optical USA, Inc. (Sola Optical) former Superfund site is in Petaluma, California, about 30 miles north of San Francisco. Sola Optical made eyeglass lenses at the site from 1978 to 2001. The facility included a manufacturing building and an office building. In 1982, the state found acetone in a well on site. Sola Optical reported contaminated soil next to underground solvent storage tanks. In 1985, the company removed the underground storage tanks and surrounding soil. Sola Optical also reported contamination in shallow groundwater under the site. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 1990. Sola Optical treated groundwater at the site from 1988 to 1997. In 2007, EPA agreed to allow the groundwater to recover naturally. In 2012, EPA confirmed that groundwater had achieved the cleanup standards. EPA deleted the site from the NPL in 2013. In 2000, RNM Cader bought about 11 previously undeveloped acres in the southwest part of the site. RNM Cader improved the site in 2005, adding building pads and parking lots. New York Life Investments acquired the partially developed property in 2014. It had plans for light industrial use. The 11-acre parcel now hosts the Cader Corporate Center. The center opened in 2016. Its three buildings provide over 268,000 square feet of light industrial, manufacturing, storage and distribution, and office space. Several other businesses are also on site. They include a winemaking supply store and a dairy creamery. Another 24-acre part of the site is in use for truck storage and administrative offices.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on 6 on-site businesses. These businesses employed 191 people and generated an estimated $41,693,123 in annual sales revenue. For additional information click here.
For more information:
- Reuse and the Benefit to Community: Sola Optical USA, Inc. Superfund Site (PDF)
- Superfund Site Profile Page
South Bay Asbestos Area
The 550-acre South Bay Asbestos Area Superfund site is in the Alviso District of San Jose, California. Two on-site landfills (Marshall and Santos) accepted asbestos-containing materials from an asbestos-cement pipe manufacturing plant. The former town of Alviso used local rock containing naturally occurring asbestos to build levees and address flooding. Asbestos was found in the Guadalupe River ring levee, and in soil at truck yards around Alviso. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 1986. Cleanup activities included removing the ring levee, removing and disposing of asbestos containing material, paving truck yards, installing asphalt landfill caps, placing deed restrictions, establishing institutional controls, requiring landfill cap maintenance and inspection, and restoring wetlands. Long-term maintenance and regular inspections of the landfill covers are ongoing. The site includes a mix of residential, commercial, recreational and ecological land uses. EPA removed asbestos-contaminated soil and restored wetlands for the Environmental Education Center for the Don Edwards San Francisco Bay National Wildlife Refuge. EPA cleaned up 25 acres of wetlands and open space, providing wildlife habitat and walking trails. There are two business parks on site. Gold Street Technology Center is on part of the former Santos Landfill. It provides commercial space and offices for a wide range of businesses. The former Marshall Landfill is home to the America Center, a 70-acre business campus. The center includes office buildings, a hotel, a parking garage, and basketball and volleyball courts.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on 16 on-site businesses. These businesses employed 2,653 people and generated an estimated $829,289,428 in annual sales revenue. For additional information click here.
For more information:
- Reuse and the Benefit to Community: South Bay Asbestos Area (PDF)
- Site Redevelopment Profile: South Bay Asbestos Area (PDF)
- Superfund Site Profile Page
Southern California Edison Co. (Visalia Poleyard)
The 20-acre Southern California Edison Co. (Visalia Poleyard) Superfund site is in Visalia, California. From 1925 to 1980, the Southern California Edison Company (SCE) ran the Visalia pole treatment yard. It made wooden poles for use distributing electricity across the utility’s service territory. From 1925 to 1968, SCE used creosote to treat the utility poles. In 1968, SCE began using pentachlorophenol (PCP) for pole treatment. Wood preservatives went into subsurface soils and groundwater, primarily through leaking tanks and cracks in pipes. SCE found groundwater contamination in a site well in 1966. From 1966 to 1975, SCE led subsurface investigations to find the nature and extent of contamination. In 1976, SCE started initial response actions at the site. They included construction of a 60-foot-deep slurry wall, groundwater removal, demolition of wood-treating facilities and removal of 2,300 cubic yards of soil. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 1989. Groundwater treatment took place from 1984 to 2004. After cleanup, EPA took the site off the NPL in 2009. The city of Visalia owns the site property and surrounding properties. The city’s public works department uses the area for office space, parking and storage of vehicles and public works equipment, and stockpiling of sand and rock.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on one on-site business. EPA did not have further economic details related to this business. For additional information click here.
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Spectra-Physics, Inc.
The 11.5-acre Spectra-Physics, Inc. Superfund site is in Mountain View, California, northwest of San Jose. The 1-acre Teledyne Semiconductor Superfund site borders the site. Contaminated groundwater from both sites combined and migrated north toward San Francisco Bay. The owners of Spectra-Physics and Teledyne Semiconductor jointly manage the cleanup of the site. Spectra-Physics made electronic equipment and gas lasers on site starting in 1961. Teledyne Semiconductor made semiconductors on site starting in 1962. The manufacturing processes used a variety of chemicals, primarily volatile organic compounds, including trichloroethylene (TCE), which contaminated soil and groundwater. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 1991. EPA’s cleanup plan required the removal of contaminated soil vapors and groundwater pumping and treatment. Responsible parties completed the soil cleanup in 1995. Groundwater treatment and investigation and mitigation of vapor intrusion in homes and commercial buildings are ongoing. Land above the affected groundwater area remains in commercial, industrial, residential and recreational use. Commercial and public service uses are ongoing on the Spectra-Physics property. One of the former facility buildings now hosts a church.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on 7 on-site businesses. These businesses employed 105 people and generated an estimated $22,964,218 in annual sales revenue. For additional information click here.
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Stoker Chemical
The former Stoker Company site is in an agricultural area in Imperial County, California. Stoker Company is an aerial pesticide applicator and pest control supplier. It sprayed wash waters from the cleaning of pesticide application equipment onto a 20-acre land treatment area on site. The site first came to the attention of local authorities in 1988 when birds and fish died in a pond on a residential property nearby and sampling found pesticide in fish tissue. The pond was closed. In 1988, EPA sampled site soil, a nearby canal and the pond. Analyses found several pesticides in the canal. Sediment and air sampling by EPA in 1989 found pesticides in the air and a nearby wetland. On March 30, 2021, Site Assessment issued the Site Reassessment Report (SRA) with the recommendation that the site keep the “Proposed for National Priorities List (NPL)” 1991 designation and revisit this designation once COVID 19 and resource restrictions can be addressed. The purpose of the SRA was to determine whether a Site which was is considered eligible for inclusion on the NPL under Superfund should remain in that status. In 2018, EPA Region 9 initiated the SRA which involved file reviews and a site walk. The objective was to document what remediation and investigation efforts had taken place since 1991, visit the site to document current conditions without sampling. In 2021, after reviewing the contents of the SRA, EPA headquarters advised additional onsite review of State files along with possible field sampling.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on 2 on-site businesses. These businesses employed 24 people and generated an estimated $15,303,000 in annual sales revenue. For additional information click here.
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Synertek, Inc. (Building 1)
The former Synertek Building 1 Superfund site is in Santa Clara, California. In 1974, Synertek started making semiconductors at the site. Facility operations contaminated soil and groundwater with volatile organic compounds (VOCs), primarily trichloroethylene (TCE). In 1985, Honeywell, the corporate successor to Synertek, removed leaking tanks, facility equipment and contaminated soils. Sampling found that groundwater was contaminated. Honeywell put in a groundwater extraction and treatment system. It ran from 1987 to 2001. In 2011, a bioremediation method accelerated groundwater cleanup. With the oversight of EPA and the California Regional Water Quality Control Board (San Francisco Bay Region), Honeywell did vapor intrusion assessments in 2013 and 2014 at the two commercial buildings nearest to the source area. The assessments found no evidence of unacceptable vapor intrusion under current land use. A solar company leases most of the on-site buildings for office space and for research and development of solar panels. Several other commercial businesses are also in the building.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on 2 on-site businesses. These businesses employed 39 people and generated an estimated $4,570,000 in annual sales revenue. For additional information click here.
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Teledyne Semiconductor
The 1-acre Teledyne Semiconductor Superfund site is in Mountain View, California, northwest of San Jose. Contaminated groundwater from both Teledyne Semiconductor and Spectra-Physics sites combined and migrated north toward San Francisco Bay. The contaminated groundwater underlies a residential and commercial area. The owners of Spectra-Physics and Teledyne Semiconductor jointly manage the cleanup. Spectra-Physics made electronic equipment and gas lasers on site starting in 1961. Teledyne Semiconductor made semiconductors on site starting in 1962. The processes used various chemicals, volatile organic compounds, including trichloroethylene (TCE), which contaminated soil and groundwater. EPA added both sites to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 1991. EPA’s cleanup plan required the removal of contaminated soil vapors and groundwater pumping and treatment. Responsible parties completed the soil cleanup in 1995. Groundwater treatment and investigation and mitigation of vapor intrusion in homes and commercial buildings are ongoing. The Teledyne property remains in continued commercial and light industrial use. Land above the affected groundwater area remains in continued commercial, industrial, residential and recreational use.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on one on-site business. This business employed 100 people and generated an estimated $14,460,277 in annual sales revenue. For additional information click here.
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TRW Microwave, Inc (Building 825)
The TRW Microwave, Inc (Building 825) (TRW) Superfund site is in Sunnyvale, California. It is part of the Triple Site, which also includes the nearby Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. site and Signetics, Inc. site. The Triple Site contributed to contamination in a groundwater plume in Sunnyvale, California. The main activity at the TRW Microwave, Inc (Building 825) site was the assembly and testing of microwave components. Facility operations contaminated soil and groundwater with volatile organic compounds (VOCs), primarily trichloroethylene (TCE). TRW and its corporate successor, Northrup Grumman Systems Corporation (Northrup Grumman), removed soil contamination and treated contaminated groundwater. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 1990. EPA issued a Record of Decision (ROD) in 1991 for the Triple Sites and an off-site area. A developer bought the site property in 1995. The developer leased the building to research and development companies until 2001. From 2001 to 2003, the owner demolished the existing structure and built a new 2-story building. With EPA oversight, Northrup Grumman did a vapor intrusion assessment of the building. It found unacceptable levels of TCE. Mitigation measures then included source remediation and a sub-slab passive venting system. Indoor air sampling in 2014 and 2015 confirmed the effectiveness of the venting system before the current tenant, a technology company, moved in. Groundwater treatment and monitoring are ongoing.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on one on-site business. EPA did not have further economic details related to this business. For additional information click here.
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United Heckathorn Co.
The United Heckathorn Co. Superfund site is on Richmond Harbor in Contra Costa County, California. Bulk petroleum distribution and shipping take place at the site. It includes 5 acres of land (the upland area) and about 15 acres of marine sediments in the Lauritzen Channel and Parr Canal of Richmond Harbor. The marine area provides habitat for many marine and avian species. From 1947 to 1966, several companies made, packaged and shipped pesticides from facilities on site. During this time, the site was poorly managed. Releases of pesticides and other chemicals contaminated the upland and marine areas. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 1990. Cleanup took place from 1990 to 1999. Activities included digging up contaminated areas, dredging the Lauritzen Channel and Parr Canal, and capping 5 acres of land in the upland area. The Levin-Richmond Terminal Corporation (LRTC) bought the upland area in 1981. LRTC now runs a marine shipping terminal at the former United Heckathorn facility. LRTC uses the area for cargo stockpiling and railroad operations. LRTC and Manson Construction, a dredging contractor, continue to use Lauritzen Channel as a deep-water channel. Parr Canal is not in use. In 1999, EPA found high levels of pesticides remaining in the Lauritzen Channel. Monitoring data from 2001 to 2016 showed that remediation goals have not been met in the channel over time. EPA is leading site investigations in this area and will select a new remedy for the channel.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on one on-site business. EPA did not have further economic details related to this business. For additional information click here.
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Waste Disposal, Inc.
The 38-acre Waste Disposal, Inc. (WDI) Superfund site is located in Santa Fe Springs, Los Angeles County, California. EPA completed a remedial action on the complex multi-parcel/multi-owner site in 2006 that included capping, soil vapor control, institutional controls, and long-term operations, maintenance, and monitoring. Current work focuses on supporting potential beneficial reuse. As background, from the early 1940s to the mid-1960s, businesses disposed of waste in a reservoir on site. In 1984 and 1985, testing by the city of Santa Fe Springs found that waste-disposal activities contaminated soil and groundwater with hazardous chemicals. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 1987. The potentially responsible parties (PRPs) capped contaminated soils, removed and treated gases, and restricted groundwater use. To prevent potential damage to the cap, institutional controls, which run with the land, prohibit on-site construction without EPA approval. Monitoring is ongoing. Grass was put in to protect the cap and improve stormwater drainage. EPA worked with state agencies, PRPs, business owners and landowners to make sure businesses could remain open during cleanup. EPA’s Superfund Redevelopment Program (SRP) gave Santa Fe Springs a pilot grant to develop a site-specific reuse plan compatible with commercial and industrial development. The City adopted the plan in May 2004. It provides site reuse concepts and identifies building requirements and design guidelines. The PRPs repaved driveways, parking areas and walkways as part of the protective cap. They also worked with a nearby high school to address public safety concerns. The PRPs also built a backstop behind the school’s baseball and soccer fields to prevent stray balls coming onto the site. Today, over 30 commercial and light industrial businesses are on the multi-parcel site. They include equipment rental and construction companies and vehicle maintenance facilities among others. A developer purchased a large portion of the site at the end of 2018 and has been coordinating with EPA, the City of Santa Fe Springs, and other stakeholders to implement future commercial redevelopment. EPA’s Superfund Redevelopment Program (SRP) supported a regional seed project at the site that finished in 2022. Meanwhile, EPA continues to work with the developer, PRPs, and stakeholders in anticipation of site reuse.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on 19 on-site businesses. These businesses employed 113 people and generated an estimated $15,701,109 in annual sales revenue. For additional information click here.
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Watkins-Johnson Co. (Stewart Division Plant)
The 43.7-acre Watkins-Johnson Co. (Stewart Division Plant) Superfund site is in Santa Cruz County, about 5 miles north of Santa Cruz, California. From 1963 to 1999, Watkins-Johnson made semiconductors at the site. Operations at its facility contaminated the Santa Margarita aquifer, a major source of groundwater in the area. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 1990. Manufacturing activities continued until 2011. Watkins-Johnson led soil and groundwater cleanups from 1986 to 2016. Several commercial and industrial businesses are on site, including a roller derby practice rink. In 2013, a developer purchased the site property. The developer petitioned the city of Scotts Valley to rezone the property for residential uses. The city denied the rezoning request, and the site remains in commercial and industrial use. With EPA supervision, Watkins-Johnson recently completed a vapor intrusion study. EPA is now reviewing the study.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on 2 on-site businesses. These businesses employed 14 people and generated an estimated $1,710,000 in annual sales revenue. For additional information click here.
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Western Pacific Railroad Co.
The 90-acre Western Pacific Railroad Co. Superfund site is just south of the City of Oroville, California. A rail yard opened on site in the 1880s. Activities included welding, painting, machining and fueling locomotives. These activities took place in a 10-acre area known as the Fueling Area. In 1970, the Western Pacific Railroad Company (WPRR) stopped its activities and leased the Fueling Area to an independent railcar company until 1991. WPRR and the next owner, Union Pacific Railroad (UPRR), continued to use parts of the site until 1991. In 1991, UPRR dismantled or demolished the remaining structures. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 1990 because of contaminated on-site groundwater. UPRR put in a groundwater treatment system in 1994 and enhanced it with soil vapor extraction in 1997. UPRR removed contaminated soil in 1998. Cleanup levels for groundwater were met in 2000. After determining that UPRR had cleaned up the site successfully, EPA took the site off the NPL in 2001. The former Fueling Area property is currently not in use but Union Pacific continues to use the rail line for its trains. Institutional controls are in place to prevent non-industrial site uses.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA did not have economic data related to on-site businesses, or economic data were not applicable due to site use. For additional information click here.
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Westinghouse Electric Corp. (Sunnyvale Plant)
The 75-acre Westinghouse Electric Corp. (Sunnyvale Plant) Superfund site is in Sunnyvale, California. The Westinghouse Electric Corporation (Westinghouse) used the facility to make electrical transformers in the 1950s. During operations, a leaking storage tank and spills caused soil and groundwater contamination. Investigations found polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and other contamination in soil and groundwater. EPA added the site to the National Priorities List (NPL) in 1986. With EPA oversight, Westinghouse removed or paved contaminated surface areas in 1984 and 1985. At that time, Westinghouse also removed and treated contaminated groundwater. It removed a gasoline tank in 1986. Westinghouse continued long-term groundwater and soil contamination remediation in 1994. Full-scale groundwater treatment began in 1995. Groundwater treatment is ongoing. In 1996, Northrop Grumman Systems Corporation bought the site property. It makes steam generators, marine propulsion systems and missile launching systems for the federal government on site. The U.S. defense contractor employs nearly 1,000 people. A parking lot and a commercial office building are on the northern part of the site.
Last updated December 2023
As of December 2023, EPA had data on 2 on-site businesses. These businesses employed 1,106 people and generated an estimated $423,843,114 in annual sales revenue. For additional information click here.
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