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  2. National Estuary Program (NEP)
  3. Learn about the National Estuary Program

National Results from the National Estuary Program

On this page:

  • National Estuary Program (NEP) Habitat Goals
  • National Results
  • Progress Through Partnerships
  • Annual National Estuary Program Habitat Totals
  • Habitat Efforts from to 2000 to 2018

National Estuary Program (NEP) Habitat Goals

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Like the individual National Estuary Programs, EPA has established goals with respect to habitat in its Strategic Plan.

EPA's current Strategic Plan defines key goals for the Agency over the next five years. Under these goals, there are specific sub-objectives and strategic targets that define, in measurable terms, the environmental change to be accomplished. For the NEP, this target is the number of acres of habitat protected or restored within their study areas.

The NEPs report the number of habitat acres they have protected and/or restored with their partners annually to EPA. These reports provide a description of the project (with photos if available), specify the habitat type or category, indicate the protection activity/restoration technique associated with the project, and identify the lead implementer along with some other data.

The most current information (2010 - present) is accessible by going to NEPmap.  To view a pie chart of the NEP annual habitat acre totals by habitat type since 2000, please see below.

National Results

  • Learn more about Habitat loss and degradation
  • Review examples of NEP habitat plans
  • Learn about reporting environmental results

View NEP financing strategies and total primary leveraged dollars. Leveraged dollars are defined as the dollar value (cash or in-kind equivalent) of resources dedicated to implementing an NEP Comprehensive Conservation and Management Plan (CCMP) above the funding provided to the NEP under Section 320, including earmark funding.

View successful financing mechanisms being used by NEPs.

Progress Through Partnerships

The NEPs have made substantial progress in protecting and restoring habitats in their estuaries. The habitat efforts carried out by the NEPs and their partners have yielded measurable environmental results. Not only do these projects improve coastal habitats directly, but also indirectly. Improvements in the water quality in these estuaries, their wetlands, and rivers and streams also benefit birds, shellfish and other species living there.

The habitat protection efforts reported here are coordinated and reported by the NEPs. However, they were accomplished through the efforts of the many individual state, local and federal partners that comprise each estuary program. These stakeholders have committed significant time and resources to support habitat-related Comprehensive Conservation and Management Plan (CCMP) actions.

These CCMP actions serve as the basis of the acreage numbers reported. Through strong partnerships and collective efforts, NEPs are able to address habitat loss and alteration, and the broad range of problems facing coastal communities and our estuaries.

Annual National Estuary Program Habitat Totals

The NEPs have restored or protected over 2.5 million acres since 2000. Annual acreage numbers vary due to many factors. These factors include funds available, weather conditions, negotiations with land owners, length of time to get a permit and availability of plant materials. To see national results prior to 2019, please visit the 2000 to 2018 Habitat Efforts page.

Total Year 2024 Habitat Efforts

Agriculture/Ranch,Land:3998.81,Beach:572.1,Dune:692.641,Estuarine Shoreline:877.77,Field/Meadow:143.11,Forest/Woodland:67598.861,Forested Wetland:13818.468,Freshwater,Marsh:7071.927,Grassland:1179.7,Hardbottom:9.16,In-Stream:2454.71,Island:17.09,Lake/Pond:2772.441,Mangrove:84.136,Other:58.023,Riparian:14102.459,SAV,(Submerged,Aquatic,Vegetation):8.897,SaltMarsh:6086.65,Shell,Bottom:3.16,Shrub,Swamp,(non-mangrove):2052.5,Soft Bottom/mud:0.67,Soft Bottom/sand:2.477
Total Acreage: 123605.76

Total Year 2023 Habitat Efforts

A pie chart showing all habitats by acreage in 2023: Agriculture/Ranch Land-33763.28, Beach-87.25, Dune-617.99, Estuarine Shoreline-2647.976, Field/Meadow-81.24, Forest/Woodland-64742.37, Estuarine Water Column-10.27, Forested Wetland-62054.7, Freshwater Marsh-7805.02, Grassland-3013.48, Hard Bottom-24.38, In-Stream-185.5, Island-2.35, Lake/Pond-180.78, Mangrove-228.99, Other-37132.597, Riparian-7432.94, SAV (Submerged Aquatic Vegetation)-14.237, Salt Marsh-1710.415, Shell Bottom-149.625, Shrub Swamp (non-m
Total Acreage: 224075.812

Total Year 2022 Habitat Efforts

A pie chart showing all habitats by acreage in 2022: Agriculture/Ranch Land-1949.24, Beach-2602.122, Dune-20.05, Estuarine Shoreline-1257.45, Field/Meadow-1112.75, Forest/Woodland-81217.225, Forested Wetland-9969.192, Freshwater Marsh-3265.179, Grassland-1417.03, Hard Bottom-5.83, In-Stream-2413.2, Island-40, Lake/Pond-531.09, Mangrove-29.592, Other-5507, Riparian-4403.05, Rocky Shoreline-2, Salt Marsh-1197.74, SAV (Submerged Aquatic Vegetation)-2, Shell Bottom-63.47, Soft Bottom/Sand-401.3, Tidal Wetland-6
Total Acreage: 117466.51

Total Year 2021 Habitat Efforts

Agriculture/Ranch Land;10889.55 Beach;373.63 Dune;702.34 Estuarine Shoreline;666.504 Estuarine Water Column;0.2 Field/Meadow;296.14 Forest/Woodland;62582.624 Forested Wetland;5308.295 Freshwater Marsh;1460.55 Grassland;74.75 Hard Bottom;231.42 In-Stream;287.36 Island;1196.7 Lake/Pond;63.83 Mangrove;840.92 Other;1224.06 Riparian;5527.113 SAV (Submerged Aquatic Vegetation);4.26 Salt Marsh;5240.138 Shell Bottom;154.13 Soft Bottom/mud;1000.339 Soft Bottom/sand;60.715
Total Acreage: 98185.568

Total Year 2020 Habitat Efforts

FY 2020 Habitat by Acres Beach 29.9; Dune 191.74; Estuarine Shoreline 924.16; Field/Meadow 244.58; Estuarine Water Column 105.45; Forest/Woodland 49554.79; Forested Wetland 15119.83; Freshwater Marsh 2692.9; Grassland 6574.00; Hard Bottom 4.96; In-Stream 1241.39; Island 345.99; Mangrove 1871.45; Riparian 4547.01; Rocky Shoreline 1.20; SAV 269.36; Shell Bottom 217.11; Soft Bottom/Sand 28.11; Tidal Wetland 6062.96; Agriculture/Ranch Land 21517.78, Rocky Shoreline 1.20
Total Acreage: 114243.506

Total Year 2019 Habitat Efforts

2019 Habitat By Acres. Beach 161.3; Dune 35.8; Estuarine Shoreline 1294.9; Field/Meadow 106.53; Estuarine Water Column 1.39; Forest/Woodland 64501.09; Forested Wetland 4630.80; Freshwater Marsh 5876.75; Grassland 3439.62; Hard Bottom 3.68; In-Stream 394.61; Island 5.38; Mangrove 195.85; Riparian 1404.37; SAV 1.81; Shell Bottom 60.5; Soft Bottom/Sand 372; Tidal Wetland 12083.81; Agriculture/Ranch Land 12230.47
Total Acreage: 119,241.70

National Estuary Program (NEP)

  • National Estuary Program (NEP) Home
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      • Aquatic Nuisance Species
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    • Successful Watershed Management: NEP Lessons Learned
    • Sustainable Financing Examples
      • Casco Bay Estuary Partnership
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      • Indian River Lagoon National Estuary Program
      • Narragansett Bay Estuary Program
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Contact Us about National Estuary Program
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Last updated on February 14, 2025
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