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Pollution Prevention

Pollution prevention, also known as “P2” or “source reduction,” is any practice that reduces or eliminates pollution at its source prior to waste management. With less waste being created, the likelihood of impacts to human health and the environment is reduced. Additionally, it is often less expensive for facilities to prevent pollution from being created than to pay for control, treatment, or disposal of wastes.

Under the Pollution Prevention Act of 1990 (PPA), facilities that report to the Toxics Release Inventory (TRI) Program are required to include information on any newly implemented P2 activities. Many facilities also choose to include additional details that further describe their P2 actions. As a result, TRI serves as a robust tool for identifying effective P2 practices and highlighting pollution prevention successes.

2022 Highlights
  • TRI facilities implemented 3,589 new source reduction activities.
  • Facilities implemented source reduction activities for almost 200 different chemicals.

As with any dataset, there are many factors to consider when using TRI data. Find a summary of key factors associated with the data used in the National Analysis in the Introduction. For more information see Factors to Consider When Using Toxics Release Inventory Data.


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This page was published in March 2024 and uses the 2022 TRI National Analysis dataset made public in TRI Explorer in October 2023.

TRI National Analysis

  • TRI Program Home
  • Introduction
    • TRI Data Considerations
  • Pollution Prevention
    • Source Reduction Activities
    • Source Reduction Activities by Chemical & Industry
    • Green Chemistry & Engineering Activities
    • Reported Barriers to Source Reduction
    • Source Reduction Activities by Parent Company
  • Waste Management
    • Trends in Waste Management
    • Waste Management by Chemical & Industry
    • Non-Production-Related Waste Managed
    • Waste Managed by Parent Company
  • Releases of Chemicals
    • Trends in Releases
    • Releases by Chemical & Industry
    • Potential Risks from TRI Chemicals
      • Hazard & Risk-Screening Trend
    • Air Releases
      • Air Releases by Chemical & Industry
    • Water Releases
      • Water Releases by Chemical & Industry
    • Land Disposal
      • Land Disposal by Chemical & Industry
  • Chemical Profiles
    • Lead
    • Mercury
    • Dioxins
    • Ethylene Oxide
    • Carcinogens
    • PFAS
  • Comparing Industry Sectors
    • Manufacturing Sectors
      • Manufacturing Waste Management Trend
    • Chemical Manufacturing
      • Chemical Manufacturing Waste Management Trend
      • Greenhouse Gas Reporting in the Chemical Manufacturing Sector
    • Primary Metals Manufacturing
      • Primary Metals Waste Management Trend
    • Metal Mining
      • Metal Mining Waste Management Trend
    • Electric Utilities
      • Electric Utilities Waste Management Trend
      • Greenhouse Gas Reporting in the Electric Utilities Sector
    • Federal Facilities
      • Federal Facilities by Industry
      • Waste Management by Federal Facilities
  • Where You Live
    • EPA Regions
    • States & Metropolitan Areas
    • Watersheds
    • Tribal Communities
  • TRI Connections
    • TRI Around the World
    • Mapping Cross-Border Transfers
  • Past National Analyses
Contact Us About the TRI National Analysis
Contact Us to ask a question, provide feedback, or report a problem.
Last updated on March 3, 2025
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